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Einstein's sigh: hidden symmetry in Einstein's derivation of the Lorentz transformation

机译:爱因斯坦的叹息:爱因斯坦的隐藏对称在爱伦茨转型的推导下

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摘要

'Das hatte ich einfacher sagen konnen (I could have said that more simply).' was Einstein's sigh when he had a chance to remark on his own derivation of the Lorentz transformation (LT) in the 1905 seminal paper. In fact, in a popular science exposition of the theory of relativity Einstein did provide such a simple derivation of the LT. It is a curious historical fact that the latter derivation was presented in 1916, while Einstein's remark was made in 1943. Was the 1916 derivation simple enough to relieve his sigh? Had he expected an even simpler derivation beyond his thoughts? In this paper, Einstein's simple derivation of the LT is revisited and analysed. We show that the LT can be obtained from a symmetry principle hidden in Einstein's logical reasoning. First, the relativity principle can be restated as a mirror principle based on the space-time exchange-inversion operation. Second, the assumed constancy of the speed of light (Einstein's second postulate) can be derived by using the velocity reciprocity property, which is a deductive result of the space-time homogeneity and the space isotropy. Therefore, Einstein could have presented his derivation of the LT more simply, thus turning Einstein's sigh of regret into a sigh of relief.
机译:“Das Hatte Ich Einfacher Sagen Konnen(我本可以更简单地说)。”当他有机会在1905年首创纸上有机会阅读他自己的Lorentz转换(LT)时,爱因斯坦的叹息了。事实上,在一个受欢迎的科学博览会上,爱因斯坦确实提供了这种简单的推导。这是一个好奇的历史事实,即后一种推导是在1916年提出的,而爱因斯坦的评论是在1943年制定的。1916年推导器是足够简单的,可以缓解他的叹息吗?他预计超出了他的想法的更简单的推导吗?本文重新审视和分析了爱因斯坦的简单推导。我们表明LT可以从爱因斯坦逻辑推理中隐藏的对称原理获得。首先,基于时空交换反转操作,可以将相对性原理作为镜子原理被重新排列。其次,通过使用速度互惠性,可以通过使用速度互惠性来源的光速(爱因斯坦第二假设)的假定恒定,这是空时均匀性和空间各向同性的演绎结果。因此,爱因斯坦可以更简单地介绍他的衍生,从而转动爱因斯坦的遗憾令人遗憾的叹息。

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