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首页> 外文期刊>Biology Bulletin Reviews >Genetic Divergence and Taxonomic Status of Chars of the Genus Salvelinus
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Genetic Divergence and Taxonomic Status of Chars of the Genus Salvelinus

机译：Salvelinus属炭的遗传差异和分类学地位

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The chars of the genus Salvelinus (Salmonidae) are characterized by high phenotypic diversity within lake or river basins, which creates some difficulties for determining the taxonomic (species) status of their forms and populations. The lack of the commonly accepted species concept complicates the situation. Based on the dominant biological species concept the reveal of the reproduction isolation of such forms or populations under conditions of sympatry can be the foundation for establishing the species status. The use of molecular genetic markers is a key approach to determining the degree of reproductive isolation and genetic divergence of populations. The paper compares and summarizes our and literary data on genetic studies of several species of the chars in the Russian Far East and northeast with regard to controversial issues of their species status. Using various molecular genetic markers, the validity of the species status of white char (S. albus) compared to the sympatric northern Dolly Varden (S. malma malma) was analyzed. The absence of the complete reproductive isolation between these chars makes it possible to consider S. albus as an ecotype or a form of S. m. malma, but not as a separate species. In pairs of sympatric S. m. malma—S. taranetzi and S. m. malma—S. levanidovi, the genetically well-expressed reproductive isolation was determined, which confirms their supposed status as separate species. The character of genetic differences for allozyme markers in the Asian allopatricpopulation of S. m. malma and S. alpinus and the evidence of the reproductive isolation by microsatellite loci in sympatric Alaskan populations of these chars correspond to their status of separate species. The results of an analysis of mitochondrial genomes are evidence of their relatively recent divergence and possible hybridization between these species during their evolution. Significant genetic differences, including karyological differences between allopatric forms of northern and southern forms of Dolly Varden (S. m. malma—S. m. krascheninnikivi) correspond to the level of the species differentiation. However, the degree of their reproductive isolation in sympatry remains unknown. The data on mtDNA make it possible to suggest hybridization between these forms of Dolly Varden in their evolutionary past. The possibilities of using different molecular markers to identify the contemporary and historical isolation, and the evolution of contemporary char species and forms, which complicate the determination of their taxonomic status, are discussed.
机译：Salvelinus（Salmonidae）属的特征是在湖泊或河流盆地内具有高表型多样性，这给确定其形态和种群的分类（物种）地位带来了一些困难。缺乏普遍接受的物种概念使情况复杂化。基于占主导地位的生物物种概念，揭示了在共生条件下这类形式或种群的繁殖隔离现象，可以作为确定物种地位的基础。分子遗传标记的使用是确定种群生殖隔离和遗传差异程度的关键方法。本文比较并总结了我们和俄罗斯有关远东和东北几种火炭种类的遗传研究的文学资料，这些数据涉及其物种状况的争议性问题。使用各种分子遗传标记，分析了与同胞北部多莉·瓦尔登（S. malma malma）相比，白炭黑（S. albus）物种状态的有效性。这些炭疽之间没有完全的生殖隔离，因此有可能将白假单胞菌视为生态型或某种形式的假单胞菌。马尔玛，但不是一个单独的物种。成对的同胞S.m.马尔玛塔拉内齐和S.米马尔玛levanidovi，确定了基因表达良好的生殖分离株，证实了它们作为独立物种的假定地位。亚洲异链霉菌中同工酶标记的遗传差异特征。马尔玛和高山链球菌以及微卫星基因座在同伴的阿拉斯加种群中的这些炭黑生殖隔离的证据与它们独立的物种状态相对应。线粒体基因组分析的结果证明了它们相对较新的分化，以及这些物种在进化过程中可能发生杂交。显着的遗传差异，包括多莉·瓦尔登（S. m。malma-S。m。krascheninnikivi）北部和南部形式的同种异体形式之间的千变学差异，与物种分化水平相对应。但是，它们在交感神经系统中的生殖隔离程度仍然未知。关于mtDNA的数据使我们有可能提出这些形式的Dolly Varden在其进化过去之间的杂交。讨论了使用不同分子标记物鉴定当代和历史隔离的可能性，以及当代炭的种类和形式的演变，这使确定其分类学地位变得复杂。

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