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首页> 外文期刊>Biology Bulletin Reviews >Superspecies Complex Cricetulus barabensis sensu lato: Karyotype Divergence and Interrelation in Natural Contact Zones
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Superspecies Complex Cricetulus barabensis sensu lato: Karyotype Divergence and Interrelation in Natural Contact Zones

机译：超级物种Cariceulus barabensis sensu lato：天然接触区的核型发散和相互关系

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Three different cliromosomal forms of striped hamsters that belong to the superspecies complex Cricetulus barabensis sensu lato (Cricetidae, Rodentia), namely, "barabensis", "pseudogeiseus", and "gri-seus", were studied to determine their relationships based on different biological and genetic species concepts and using the morphological, karyomorphs, molecular, and hybridization data. The results of craniometry suggest that differences between these karyotypes are rather of subspecies level. Cytogenetic differences also proved to be insignificant and correspond to the level of chromosomal races within a single species. An analysis of cytochrome b mitochondrial gene (cytb) differences of about 2.3—4.1% between the forms studied, which suggest intraspecific distinctions or those between allied species. Hybridization experiments, which produced various litters from mating between three karyomorphs, also confirmed both male and female fertility. In nature, there are several zones where contact is possible between the "barabensis" and "pseudogeiseus" karyomorphs. In one of these zones, in Central Mongolia, atypical karyotypes were found in two male specimens using chromosomal analysis. Taking into account the chromosome number and shape, this karyotype could be attributed to a hybrid between the second and subsequent generations. However, typing the cytb gene and intron localized to Y chromosome (DBY1) did not reveal any traces of recent or ancient hybridization. In another zone, in South Buryatia,where the contact could be expected between the karyomorphs studied, the "barabensis" and "pseudogeiseus" populations are separated by the Chikoi River and the distance between them does not exceed 5 km. Nevertheless, neither karyological nor molecular analysis detected any hamsters with nonstandard karyotypes or any traces of gene flow. An analysis of the entire cytb nucleotide sequence, as well as the Tajima's test, the distribution of pairwise differences, and the level of nucleotide diversity suggest that both contact zones have formed long ago; the absence of gene flow cannot be explained by their recent formation. Thus, the evolutionary formation of each of the three karyomorphs that were the subject of our study appears to be independent.
机译：研究了三种属于超物种复杂的ric仓鼠（Cricetulus barabensis sensu lato）（仓鼠科（Cricetidae，Rodentia））的条纹仓鼠的长尾体形式，即“ barabensis”，“ pseudogeiseus”和“ gri-seus”，以确定它们之间的关系。和遗传物种的概念，并使用形态学，核型，分子和杂交数据。颅骨测量的结果表明，这些核型之间的差异不是亚种水平。细胞遗传学差异也被证明是微不足道的，并且与单个物种内的染色体小种水平相对应。分析所研究形式之间的细胞色素b线粒体基因（cytb）差异约为2.3-4.1％，这表明种内差异或相关物种之间的差异。杂交实验通过在三个核型之间交配产生了不同的幼仔，也证实了雄性和雌性的育性。在自然界中，“ barabensis”和“ pseudogeiseus”核型之间可能存在接触的几个区域。在蒙古中部的一个区域中，使用染色体分析在两个雄性标本中发现了非典型核型。考虑到染色体数目和形状，这种核型可归因于第二代和后代之间的杂种。但是，键入cytb基因和内含子位于Y染色体（DBY1）并没有发现任何最近或古代杂交的痕迹。在南布里亚特共和国的另一个地区，可能期望所研究的核型之间有接触，“奇巴拉伊”种群和“假geiseus”种群被奇科伊河隔开，它们之间的距离不超过5 km。但是，无论是核动力学还是分子分析都没有检测到任何具有非标准核型的仓鼠或任何基因流的痕迹。对整个cytb核苷酸序列的分析以及Tajima检验，成对差异的分布以及核苷酸多样性的水平表明，这两个接触区早已形成。基因流的缺乏不能用它们最近的形成来解释。因此，作为我们研究主题的三个核型中的每一个的进化形成似乎都是独立的。

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