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Biological mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of allergen-specific immunotherapy in asthmatic children

机译：哮喘儿童过敏原特异性免疫治疗临床影响的生物机制

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Introduction: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is indicated for patients with allergic asthma and/ or allergic rhinitis, and can be implemented by either subcutaneous injection (SCIT) or sublingual administration (SLIT). AIT reduces asthma symptoms, lowers the use of pharmacologic controller therapy, and decreases the need for rescue medications. SLIT appears to be safer than SCIT, but SCIT seems to be more efficacious and acts earlier in allergic asthmatic children. Areas covered: This review looks at the pathobiology of allergic asthma as well as the role of regulatory T and B cells in allergen tolerance. It also reviews the immunological mechanisms underlying the clinical effects induced by AIT in allergic asthmatic children. Expert opinion: AIT is very effective in allergic asthmatic children, who can significantly benefit from this particular type of immunotherapy in order to achieve a better control of their disease. AIT is also capable of modifying the natural history of allergic asthma. Furthermore, AIT can potentially represent a valuable therapeutic tool within the context of precision medicine, as recombinant allergen technology might allow the creation of targeted extracts able to be effective against specific proteins to which individual asthmatic children are allergic, thus helping to implement a personalized approach to treatment.
机译：介绍：针对过敏性哮喘和/或过敏性鼻炎的患者表示过敏原特异性免疫疗法（AIT），可以通过皮下注射（SCIT）或舌下给药（缝隙）来实现。 AIT降低了哮喘症状，降低了药物控制器治疗的使用，并降低了对救援药物的需求。狭缝似乎比水池更安全，但粪便似乎更有效，在过敏性哮喘儿童中更早起来。所涵盖的地区：本综述了解过敏性哮喘的病理学，以及调节性T和B细胞在过敏原耐受性中的作用。它还审查了艾特在过敏性哮喘儿童诱导的临床疗效的免疫机制。专家意见：AIT在过敏性哮喘儿童中非常有效，他们可以显着受益于这种特殊类型的免疫疗法，以便更好地控制其疾病。 AIT还能够改变过敏性哮喘的自然病史。此外，由于重组过敏原技术可能允许创造能够对单个哮喘儿童过敏的特异性蛋白质产生有效的靶向提取物，因此有助于实施个性化方法，因此可以在精密药物的背景下代表一个有价值的治疗工具治疗。

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