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Viral gene therapy for breast cancer: progress and challenges

机译：乳腺癌的病毒基因治疗：进步和挑战

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women all over the world. Furthermore, up to one third of breast tumors develop metastases that are resistant to standard therapies. Gene therapeutic strategies have been developed in order to specifically target cancer cells either directly or through the stimulation of antitumor immunity.Areas covered: This review describes the therapeutic strategies that are currently under development to treat this disease using engineered viral vectors including: adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, lentivirus, poxvirus, reovirus, baculovirus, herpesvirus and oncolytic viruses. Advantages and disadvantages of these multiple gene therapy platforms are discussed in detail.Expert opinion: Metastatic breast cancer is a perfect candidate for gene therapy approaches due to the presence of several tumor antigens and the aberrant expression of many molecular pathways. Oncolytic vectors are able to attack tumor cells while sparing normal cells and their activity is often enhanced by the administration of chemotherapy. However, more efforts are needed in order to reduce toxicity and to achieve better transduction efficiency. Improved preclinical models and a more critical patient selection for clinical trials, along with advances in gene therapy regulations, will surely facilitate the evolution of gene therapy for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
机译：简介：乳腺癌是世界各地女性最常见的癌症。此外，最多三分之一的乳腺肿瘤产生耐含有标准疗法的转移。已经开发了基因治疗策略，以便直接或通过刺激抗肿瘤免疫来特异性靶向癌细胞。覆盖：本综述描述了目前正在开发的治疗策略，用于使用工程化病毒载体治疗这种疾病，包括：腺病毒，adeno - 分配的病毒，慢病毒，痘病毒，reovirus，杆状病毒，疱疹病毒和溶瘤病毒。这些多基因治疗平台的优点和缺点是详细讨论的.Expert意见：转移性乳腺癌是由于存在几种肿瘤抗原的存在和许多分子途径的异常表达的基因治疗方法的完美候选者。溶解载体能够在施用正常细胞的同时攻击肿瘤细胞，并且它们的活性通常通过施用化学疗法而增强。然而，需要更多的努力来减少毒性并实现更好的转换效率。改进的临床前模型和对临床试验的更关键的患者选择，以及基因治疗法规的进步，肯定会促进基因治疗治疗转移性乳腺癌的进化。

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