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Evolution of the 2015 Cotopaxi Eruption Revealed by Combined Geochemical and Seismic Observations

机译：2015年CoTopaxi爆发的演变通过组合地球化学和地震观察结果揭示

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Abstract > Through integration of multiple data streams to monitor volcanic unrest scientists are able to make more robust eruption forecast and to obtain a more holistic interpretation of volcanic systems. We examined gas emission and gas geochemistry and seismic and petrologic data recorded during the 2015 unrest of Cotopaxi (Ecuador) in order to decipher the origin and temporal evolution of this eruption. Identification of families of similar seismic events and the use of seismic amplitude ratios reveals temporal changes in volcanic processes. SO <sub>2</sub> (300 to 24,000?t/d), BrO/SO <sub>2</sub> (5–10?×?10 ?5 ), SO <sub>2</sub> /HCl (5.8?±?4.8 and 6.6?±?3.0), and CO <sub>2</sub> /SO <sub>2</sub> (0.6 to 2.1) measured throughout the eruption indicate a shallow magmatic source. Bulk ash and glass chemistry indicate a homogenous andesitic (SiO <sub>2</sub> ?wt?%?=?56.94?±?0.25) magma having undergone extensive S‐exsolution and degassing during ascent. These data lead us to interpret this eruption as a magma intrusion and ascend to shallow levels. The intrusion progressively interacted with the hydrothermal system, boiled off water, and produced hydromagmatic explosions. A small volume of this intrusion continued to fragment and produced episodic ash emissions until it was sufficiently degassed and rheologically stiff. Based on the 470?kt of measured SO <sub>2</sub> we estimate that ~65.3?×?10 6 ?m 3 of magma were required to supply the emitted gases. This volume exceeds the volume of erupted juvenile material by a factor of 50. This result emphasizes the importance of careful monitoring of Cotopaxi to identify the intrusion of a new batch of magma, which could rejuvenate the nonerupted material. </abstract> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract Type =“Main”XML：Lang =“en”> <标题类型=“main”>抽象</ title> > 通过集成多个数据流来监控火山骚乱的科学家能够做出更强大的爆发预测，并获得对火山系统的更全面的解释。我们检查了2015年Cotopaxi（厄瓜多尔）2015年骚乱期间记录的气体排放和天然气地球化学和地震和探测器数据，以破译这种爆发的起源和时间演变。鉴定类似地震事件的家庭以及地震幅度比的使用揭示了火山过程中的时间变化。所以 <sub> 2 </ sub> （300到24,000？T / D），兄弟/所以 <sub> 2 </ sub> （5-10？×10 ？5 </ sup> ），所以 <sub> 2 </ sub> / HCl（5.8？±4.8和6.6？±3.0），以及CO <sub> 2 </ sub> /所以 <sub> 2 </ sub> 在整个喷发过程中测量的（0.6到2.1）表示浅岩岩源。散装灰和玻璃化学表明均匀安塞狄斯（SIO <sub> 2 </ sub> ？wt？％？=？56.94？±0.25）岩浆在上升期间经历了广泛的S馏出和脱气。这些数据导致我们将这种爆发解释为岩浆入侵并提升到浅水平。该侵入逐步与水热系统相互作用，煮沸水，并产生水管爆炸。小体积的这种侵入持续到片段和产生的显影灰排放，直至其充分脱气和流变僵硬。基于470？kt测量所以 <sub> 2 </ sub> 我们估计〜65.3？×10 6 </ sup> m 3 </ sup> 岩浆需要提供发出的气体。该体积超过初喷腾的少年材料的体积为50倍。该结果强调了Cotopaxi对Cotopaxi的仔细监测来确定新批次的岩浆的侵入，这可能会恢复不变的材料。 </ p> </摘要> </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-23285/'>《Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2018年第7期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共22页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Hidalgo Silvana&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Hidalgo Silvana;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Battaglia Jean&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Battaglia Jean;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Arellano Santiago&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Arellano Santiago;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Sierra Daniel&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Sierra Daniel;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Bernard Benjamin&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Bernard Benjamin;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Parra René&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Parra René;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Kelly Peter&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Kelly Peter;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Dinger Florian&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Dinger Florian;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Barrington Charlotte&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Barrington Charlotte;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Samaniego Pablo&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Samaniego Pablo;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Instituto GeofísicoEscuela Politécnica NacionalQuito Ecuador;</p> <p>Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS IRD OPGC Laboratoire Magmas et VolcansClermont‐Ferrand France;</p> <p>Department of Space Earth and EnvironmentChalmers University of TechnologyG?teborg Sweden;</p> <p>Instituto GeofísicoEscuela Politécnica NacionalQuito Ecuador;</p> <p>Instituto GeofísicoEscuela Politécnica NacionalQuito Ecuador;</p> <p>Instituto de Simulación Computacional Colegio de Ciencias e IngenieríasUniversidad San Francisco de QuitoQuito Ecuador;</p> <p>Cascades Volcano Observatory Volcano Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveyVancouver WA USA;</p> <p>Max‐Planck Institute for ChemistryMainz Germany;</p> <p>Earth Observatory of SingaporeNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore;</p> <p>Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS IRD OPGC Laboratoire Magmas et VolcansClermont‐Ferrand France;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/163.html" title="地球物理学">地球物理学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Cotopaxi volcano&option=203" rel="nofollow">Cotopaxi volcano;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=volcano degassing&option=203" rel="nofollow">volcano degassing;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=volcano seismicity&option=203" rel="nofollow">volcano seismicity;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=volcanic gas ratios&option=203" rel="nofollow">volcanic gas ratios;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=preeruptive conditions&option=203" rel="nofollow">preeruptive conditions;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=preeruptive signals&option=203" rel="nofollow">preeruptive signals;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：Cotopaxi火山;火山脱气;火山震动;火山气体比例;预破开的条件;预破开的信号; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li class="active" >外文文献</li> <li >中文文献</li> <li >专利</li> </ul> </div> <div class="similarity_details"> <ul > <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/journal-foreign-detail/0704023360480.html">Evolution of the 2015 Cotopaxi Eruption Revealed by Combined Geochemical and Seismic Observations</a> <b>[J]</b> . <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Hidalgo Silvana&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Hidalgo Silvana,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Battaglia Jean&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Battaglia Jean,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Arellano 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