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首页> 外文期刊>Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution >Genetic diversity and structure in a major Brazilian annatto (Bixa orellana) germplasm bank revealed by microsatellites and phytochemical compounds
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Genetic diversity and structure in a major Brazilian annatto (Bixa orellana) germplasm bank revealed by microsatellites and phytochemical compounds

机译：遗传多样性和结构在大型巴西·安纳塔托（Bixa Orellana）种质银行，透露微卫星和植物化合物

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摘要

Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a tropical crop indigenous to the Americas, probably Amazonia. Annatto is commercially valuable in the food and cosmetics industries as a natural dye used instead of synthetic dyes. In addition, annatto contains other important substances for human health, such as geranylgeraniol, tocotrienols and other carotenoids. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 63 accessions from the annatto germplasm bank at the Agronomic Institute (IAC), So Paulo, Brazil, using four phytochemical compounds and 16 microsatellite markers. Significant variation was observed for the phytochemical compounds, ranging from 2 to 7.31 g (100 g dry matter-DM)(-1) for bixin, 2.14-7.11 g (100 g DM)(-1) for lipids, 0.25-1.05 g (100 g DM)(-1) for tocotrienols, and 0.49-2.61 g (100 g DM)(-1) for geranylgeraniol content. A total of 73 alleles was observed in the molecular characterization with 16 microsatellite loci. We found higher expected heterozygosity than observed heterozygosity for all loci, indicating strong deficits of heterozygotes. For both molecular and phytochemical compounds, cluster and PCoA analyses tended to separate the accessions from Rondnia, northern Brazil, with only a few exceptions, from the Southwestern accessions. The same two groups were found in the Bayesian analysis with molecular data. Rondnia accessions showed higher values for all the phytochemical compounds and higher levels of genetic diversity. Some accessions presented bixin levels well above the average and are promising materials to be used in genetic improvement programs.
机译：Annatto（Bixa Orellana L.）是美洲的热带作物，可能是Amazonia。 Annatto在食品和化妆品行业中是商业上有价值的，作为使用的天然染料而不是合成染料。此外，Annatto还含有用于人类健康的其他重要物质，如Geranylgeraniol，Tocotrienols和其他类胡萝卜素。本研究的目的是评估来自Annatto种质银行在农艺学院（IAC）的63种遗传多样性，如此植物化合物和16种微卫星标志物。对于植物化合物，观察到植物化合物的显着变化，用于脂质的2.14-7.11g（100g DM）（ - 1）的2至7.31g（100g干物物质-DM）（ - 1），0.25-1.05g （100g DM）（ - 1）用于Tocotrienols，0.49-2.61g（100g dm）（ - 1）用于Geranylgeraniol含量。在具有16个微卫星基因座的分子表征中观察到总共73个等位基因。我们发现了比所有基因座的杂合子更高的杂合酶，表明杂合子的强缺乏症。对于分子和植物化学化合物，群体和PCOA分析倾向于将来自巴西北部的rondnia的牧群分开，只有几例的异常，从西南部加入。在贝叶斯分析中发现了同样的两组，分子数据发现。 Rondnia Accessions为所有植物化学化合物和更高水平的遗传多样性显示出更高的值。有些过程呈现出高于平均水平的比克汀水平，并且是在遗传改善计划中使用的有希望的材料。

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