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Neurobiology of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol-use disorder

机译：合并后创伤后应激障碍和酒精使用障碍的神经生物学

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摘要

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol-use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid in humans. Although we have some understanding of the structural and functional brain changes that define each of these disorders, and how those changes contribute to the behavioral symptoms that define them, little is known about the neurobiology of comorbid PTSD and AUD, which may be due in part to a scarcity of adequate animal models for examining this research question. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state-of-the-science on comorbid PTSD and AUD. We summarize epidemiological data documenting the prevalence of this comorbidity, review what is known about the potential neurobiological basis for the frequent co-occurrence of PTSD and AUD and discuss successes and failures of past and current treatment strategies. We also review animal models that aim to examine comorbid PTSD and AUD, highlighting where the models parallel the human condition, and we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each model. We conclude by discussing key gaps in our knowledge and strategies for addressing them: in particular, we (1) highlight the need for better animal models of the comorbid condition and better clinical trial design, (2) emphasize the need for examination of subpopulation effects and individual differences and (3) urge cross-talk between basic and clinical researchers that is reflected in collaborative work with forward and reverse translational impact.
机译：创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和酒精使用障碍（AUD）在人类中具有高度合并症。虽然我们对定义每种疾病的结构和功能性脑变化以及这些变化如何有助于定义它们的行为症状，但对于可分配的神经生物学和AUD的神经生物学毫无疑问，这可能是部分稀缺足够的动物模型来检查这项研究问题。本综述的目标是总结当前科学的科学版和澳元。我们总结了文件的流行病学数据，记录了这种合并症的患病率，审查了关于常意共同发生的潜在神经生物学基础的知名，以及讨论过去和当前治疗策略的成功和失败。我们还审查了旨在检查合并症的动物模型和澳元，突出显示模型平行于人体状况的地方，我们讨论了每个模型的优势和弱点。我们通过讨论我们的知识和解决方案的关键差距来结束：特别是，我们（1）突出了对合并病症的更好动物模型和更好的临床试验设计的需要，（2）强调需要检查亚贫困效果和个人差异和（3）敦促基础和临床研究人员之间的串扰，这些研究人员反映在与前瞻性和反向平移的协同工作中。

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