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首页> 外文期刊>Genes, brain, and behavior >Structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines - root or result of behavior?
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Structural and functional plasticity of dendritic spines - root or result of behavior?

机译：树突刺的结构和功能可塑性 - 根系或行为结果？

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摘要

Dendritic spines are multifunctional integrative units of the nervous system and are highly diverse and dynamic in nature. Both internal and external stimuli influence dendritic spine density and morphology on the order of minutes. It is clear that the structural plasticity of dendritic spines is related to changes in synaptic efficacy, learning and memory and other cognitive processes. However, it is currently unclear whether structural changes in dendritic spines are primary instigators of changes in specific behaviors, a consequence of behavioral changes, or both. In this review, we first examine the basic structure and function of dendritic spines in the brain, as well as laboratory methods to characterize and quantify morphological changes in dendritic spines. We then discuss the existing literature on the temporal and functional relationship between changes in dendritic spines in specific brain regions and changes in specific behaviors mediated by those regions. Although technological advancements have allowed us to better understand the functional relevance of structural changes in dendritic spines that are influenced by environmental stimuli, the role of spine dynamics as an underlying driver or consequence of behavior still remains elusive. We conclude that while it is likely that structural changes in dendritic spines are both instigators and results of behavioral changes, improved research tools and methods are needed to experimentally and directly manipulate spine dynamics in order to more empirically delineate the relationship between spine structure and behavior.
机译：树突刺是神经系统的多官能整合单位，是高度多样化和动态的性质。内部和外部刺激均在分钟内影响树突脊柱密度和形态。很明显，树突刺的结构可塑性与突触疗效，学习和记忆以及其他认知过程的变化有关。然而，目前目前不清楚树突脊柱的结构变化是特定行为的主要煽动者，行为变化的后果，或两者。在这篇综述中，我们首先检查大脑中树突刺的基本结构和功能，以及实验室方法，以表征和定量树突刺的形态变化。然后，我们讨论现有文献对特定脑区中树枝状刺的变化之间的时间和功能关系，以及这些地区介导的具体行为的变化。虽然技术进步使我们能够更好地了解由环境刺激影响的树突状刺的结构变化的功能相关性，脊柱动态作为行为潜在司机或行为后果的作用仍然难以捉摸。我们得出结论，虽然树突脊柱的结构变化是占地者以及行为变化的结果，但是需要改进的研究工具和方法来实验，直接操纵脊柱动态，以更明证地描绘脊柱结构和行为之间的关系。

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