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首页> 外文期刊>Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science >The mass ratio of splashed particles during raindrop splash phenomenon on soil surface
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The mass ratio of splashed particles during raindrop splash phenomenon on soil surface

机译：雨滴飞溅现象在土壤面前溅粒子的质量比

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摘要

Soil splash is the first step of water erosion, therefore a good understanding of it is important in order to describe this multifaceted phenomenon. One of the methods describing this process is the use of splash cups, which allow us to determine the mass of soil material ejected by the impact of water drops. The aim of this study was to determine the mass ratio of splashed particles during raindrop splash on the soil surface, including their division into a splashed liquid phase and a solid phase. The investigation was carried out using three types of soil with different particle size distributions. In the first stage of the experiment, three initial moisture contents were applied (pressure head equal to 0.1 kPa, 1.0 kPa and 3.16 kPa) and the second stage measurements were based on the soil with the highest splash efficiency in the case of the different kinetic energy of the impacting drop. It was found that: (i) the texture of soil sample had a significant effect on the mass of splashed material; (ii) the lower the initial moisture content of the sample, the lower the mass of splashed material; (iii) the highest values of the mass of splashed material (both the liquid phase and solid phase) were obtained for soil with the highest sand fraction; (iv) for all types of soils, the mass of the splashed water was significantly larger than the collected mass of splashed soil; (v) the ratio of splashed masses (the proportions) was dependent on initial moisture content for soil with a higher amount of finer fractions. The obtained results are important for the physical description of the splash erosion. For instance, the knowledge of the masses of solid (soil) and water parts of the ejected material and their ejection kinetic energy will allow the estimation of the total energy needed for the displacement of splashed material. Moreover, the investigation of the water phase in the splash phenomenon is significant because of the transport processes of pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms.
机译：土壤溅是水侵蚀的第一步，因此对描述这种多方面现象来说很重要。描述该过程的方法之一是使用飞溅杯，这使我们能够确定通过水滴的影响弹出的土壤材料的质量。本研究的目的是在土壤表面上的雨滴飞溅过程中确定溅出颗粒的质量比，包括将它们分裂成溅进的液相和固相。使用具有不同粒度分布的三种土壤进行调查。在实验的第一阶段，施加三个初始水分含量（压头等于0.1kPa，1.0kPa和3.16kPa），第二阶段测量基于具有最高的飞溅效率的土壤，在不同的动力学的情况下撞击滴的能量。结果发现：（i）土壤样品的质地对溅物质的质量有显着影响; （ii）样品的初始水分含量越低，溅出材料的质量越低; （iii）获得溅出材料质量（液相和固相）的最高值，用于具有最高的砂馏分的土壤; （iv）对于各种类型的土壤，溅水的质量明显大于收集的溅土壤; （v）溅出质量（比例）的比例依赖于具有较高量的细分级分的土壤初始水分含量。获得的结果对于飞溅侵蚀的物理描述很重要。例如，所喷射材料的固体（土壤）和水部件的质量和它们的喷射动能的知识将估计溅出材料位移所需的总能量。此外，由于污染物和病原微生物的运输过程，对飞溅现象中的水相的研究是显着的。

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