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首页> 外文期刊>Geoscience journal >An application of variogram modelling for electrical resistivity soundings to characterize depositional system and hydrogeology of Bannu Basin, Pakistan
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An application of variogram modelling for electrical resistivity soundings to characterize depositional system and hydrogeology of Bannu Basin, Pakistan

机译：变形仪模型对电阻率探测的应用，使巴基斯坦禁区盆地沉积系统及水文地质学

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This study describes a method of combining geostatistical analysis with geophysical inversion of 1D electrical resistivity data acquired in the Bannu Basin, northwestern Himalayas of Pakistan. The data has been integrated and broadened from single dimension resistivity data into a 2D model that can be fully visualized and interpreted in a spatial sense. By interpreting and calibrating the electrical resistivity curves with the lithologies and geophysical logs of boreholes, it has been possible to identify unique sedimentary accumulations that occur throughout the basin. Through the use of variogram modelling the spatial extent of these accumulations can be identified and associated with measured hydraulic properties. It has become possible to map the extents and facies of the alluvial systems of the Bannu Basin formed during periods of heightened tectonic activity. The coarser sediments are associated with higher levels of resistivity as measured in the electrical surveys, whereas the finer sediments exhibit characteristically lower resistivities. Thus, the zones of high and low resistivity values become indicative of sediments associated with alluvial fans and lacustrine environments, respectively. The sediments of alluvial fans show relatively low gamma ray levels and higher transmissivities, whereas those of the piedmont deposits as well as lacustrine and sandy plains tend to show medium to high gamma ray values and lower transmissivities. Gross transmissivities were estimated by studying regression relationships between transmissivities measured in boreholes and the apparent formation factors of sediments. These relationships indicate an exponential increase in transmissivity with increasing apparent formation factor. These trends suggest a contrast in transmissivities between alluvial fan and other environments where lacustrine and sandy plains are characterized by low transmissivities. These estimated transmissivities do not represent absolute values but are merely indicative of any high or low trends in transmissivity of sediments, throughout the basin.
机译：该研究描述了一种与巴基斯坦西北部鲍云盆地盆地Bannu盆地中获取的1D电阻率数据的地球物理反演结合了地统计分析的方法。数据已经集成并从单尺寸电阻率数据集成到一个2D模型中，该模型可以在空间意义上完全可视化和解释。通过用岩性和地球物理原木来解释和校准电阻率曲线，可以识别整个盆地发生的独特沉积累积。通过使用变速仪建模，可以识别这些累积的空间程度和与测量的液压性能相关联。可以在需要在加强构造活动期间形成Bannu盆地的冲积系统的范围和相。在电动调查中测量的较粗沉积物与更高水平的电阻率相关，而细粒沉积物表现出特征性降低的电阻性。因此，高电阻率值的区域分别表示与冲积风扇和湖泊环境相关的沉积物。冲积球迷的沉积物显示出相对低的伽马射线水平和更高的透射率，而那些皮埃蒙特沉积物以及湖泊和砂质平原倾向于显示介质到高伽马射线值和较低的透射率。通过研究在钻孔中测量的透射率与沉积物的表观形成因子之间的透射率之间的回归关系来估算毛透射率。这些关系表明，随着表观形成系数的增加，透射率的指数增加。这些趋势表明了冲积风扇和其他环境之间的透射型透射性的对比，其中湖泊和砂质平原的特征在于低透射率。这些估计的透射率不代表绝对值，但仅表明整个盆地沉积物透射率的任何高或低趋势。

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