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首页> 外文期刊>Geoscience journal >Sedimentary processes and depositional environments of the gas-bearing Horn River shale in British Columbia, Canada
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Sedimentary processes and depositional environments of the gas-bearing Horn River shale in British Columbia, Canada

机译：加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省煤炭喇叭河页岩的沉积过程和沉积环境

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The Horn River Basin in the northeastern British Columbia, Canada, is one of the largest unconventional gas-bearing basins in North America. The main reservoir of this gas accumulation is the Devonian Horn River Formation that is stratigraphically divided into three members, the Evie, Otterpark and Muskwa in ascending order. This study focuses on sedimentary processes and depositional environments of the Horn River Formation based on sedimentary facies analysis by the aid of well-log mineralogy (ECS) and total organic carbon (TOC) data from the Kiwigana well. The shales of the formation consist dominantly of silicate minerals (quartz, feldspar and mica) and subordinate clay mineral and carbonate materials, with TOC ranging from 0.3 to 7.6%. Three sedimentary facies were identified on the basis of centimeter-scale description of sedimentary structures and texture in borehole cores: homogeneous mudstone (HM), indistinctly laminated mudstone (ILM), and planar laminated mudstone (PLM). Integration of sedimentary facies, lithology and TOC suggests that the Horn River shale was primarily deposited in overall distal marine setting deeper than shelf or marginal slope, possibly base-of-slope to deeper basin plain off the carbonate reef (or shelf). Facies HM is siliceous and organic-rich, and dominant in the Evie and the overlying lowermost Otterpark members. It is interpreted as a pelagic to hemipelagic deposit formed mainly by suspension fall-out in an anoxic setting below maximum storm wave base. Likewise, facies ILM shows relatively high proportion of silicate minerals and TOC. This facies is identified frequently in the Muskwa and rarely in the Otterpark; it reflects a deposition from hemipelagic settling with an influence of persistent and weak bottom currents or nepheloid flows. Facies PLM, dominant in the large part of the Otterpark, is relatively depleted in silicate minerals and TOC. This facies indicates more frequent inflow of episodic turbidity currents punctuating the hemipelagic settling of the background sedimentation process. During the deposition of the Horn River Formation, the depositional site has experienced an earlier relative sea-level fall changing from a deep basin (Evie) to shallower marginal slope (middle Otterpark), and subsequent relative sea-level rise turning back to a deeper marine environment (Muskwa).
机译：位于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省东北部的喇叭河流域是北美最大的非传统燃气盆地之一。这种天然气积累的主要水库是德文山河河流形成，以升序分为三名成员，evie，otterpark和麝香。本研究重点介绍了基于沉积相分析的岩河形成的沉积过程和沉积环境，借助于良好的矿物学（ECS）和kiwigana的总有机碳（TOC）数据。该地层的Hales主要由硅酸盐矿物质（石英，长石和云母）和下属粘土矿物和碳酸盐材料组成，TOC范围为0.3〜7.6％。基于钻孔芯的沉积结构和质地的厘米级描述确定了三个沉积相：均匀泥岩（HM），绝对层压泥岩（ILM）和平面层压泥岩（PLM）。沉积相，岩性和TOC的整合表明，喇叭河页岩主要沉积在整体远端海洋环境中，比架子或边缘坡，可能是斜坡底座，碳酸盐礁（或架子）。各位HM是硅质和有机富含的，在evie和覆盖的最低点otterpark成员中占主导地位。它被解释为主要通过悬浮液在最大风暴波基底以下的缺氧环境中脱落而形成的血管沉积物。同样，相片ILM表示相对高的硅酸盐矿物和TOC。这张相的经常在麝香枪中识别，很少在Otterpark中;它反映了血管沉降的沉积，影响持久性和弱底电流或肾盂流。面部PLM，在otterpark的大部分中显着，在硅酸盐矿物和TOC中相对耗尽。这张相表明了更频繁地流入了刺破了背景沉降过程的半导体沉降的斜纹淤积。在岩河形成沉积期间，沉积部位经历了早期的相对海平面从深盆地（EVIE）变化，以浅薄的边缘坡（中间otterpark），随后的相对海平面上升转回更深层次海洋环境（Muskwa）。

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