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首页> 外文期刊>Facies >Sedimentological implications of microbial mats, gypsum, and halite in Dhahban solar saltwork, Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia
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Sedimentological implications of microbial mats, gypsum, and halite in Dhahban solar saltwork, Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia

机译：微生物垫，石膏和半盐，沙特阿拉伯红海海岸的微生物垫，石膏和宿舍的沉积学影响

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摘要

Microbial mats and gypsum exist in concentration ponds due to the first stage of evaporation, whereas halite is present in the crystallizers with continuous seawater evaporation, in the saltwork of Dhahban area, north of Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. Several gypsum and halite facies types are distinguished in response to differences in microbial activity, salinity, topography of the ponds, water depth and wave energy. Two gypsum facies are recognized; planar-wavy gypsum microbialite and domal gypsum stromatolite at the relatively low salinity, inlet margin, and the relatively high salinity, outlet margin of the concentration ponds, respectively. They consist of fine and coarse, fibrous and swallowtail twin gypsum crystals that nucleate on the surface of microbial mats. Halite crystallizes at the brine surface as floating cumulates and rafts, and at the bottom of the ponds as vertically elongated chevrons and cornets. Lateral chevrons grow at the bottom of the ponds and at the brine surface in association with vertical chevrons and halite spheroids, respectively. Fluid-inclusion bands are regular and symmetrical in halite crystals, or show asymmetrical and indistinct layers in chevrons, and as a continuous layer over top of cumulates and rafts. This study suggests that saltworks represent a valuable 'laboratory' for the study of the primary depositional features of gypsum and halite crystals that are related to microbial activity, salinity, depth and/or energy conditions. The results can be used to infer physical energy conditions for deposition of gypsum and halite in ancient evaporitic basins.
机译：浓度池中存在微生物垫和石膏由于蒸发的第一阶段，而宿舍存在于沙特阿拉伯吉达市北部达哈班地区的盐水中的结晶器中。响应于微生物活性，盐度，水深和波能的地形的差异而区分几种石膏和宿舍相类型。识别出两个石膏相;平面 - 波浪石膏微生物和多种盐度，入口余量和浓度池塘的相对高盐度和相对高的盐度，进口余量分别。它们由细小粗糙，纤维状，燕尾的双石膏晶体组成，可在微生物垫的表面上核成核。哈利特在盐水表面上结晶，因为浮动累积和筏子，以及池塘的底部，如垂直细长的脚轮和圆角。横向脚轮在池塘的底部和盐水表面分别与垂直脚轮和半盐球体的底部生长。流体夹杂带在卤石晶体中是规则的和对称的，或者在脚轮中显示不对称和模糊的层，以及在累积和筏的顶部的连续层。该研究表明，盐水厂代表了有价值的“实验室”，用于研究与微生物活性，盐度，深度和/或能量条件相关的石膏和盐晶体的主要沉积特征。结果可用于推断出古蒸发盆地沉积石膏和留胡子的物理能量条件。

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