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首页> 外文期刊>Field Crops Research >Agronomic manipulations can enhance the productivity of anaerobic tolerant rice sown in flooded soils in rainfed areas
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Agronomic manipulations can enhance the productivity of anaerobic tolerant rice sown in flooded soils in rainfed areas

机译：农艺操纵可以提高雨水区淹没土壤中厌氧耐受稻的生产率

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Poor seedling emergence and establishment are a major restraint for adopting direct seeding in rice. This is especially critical in rainfed lowlands where floods can occur immediately after sowing, creating anaerobic conditions during germination and early seedling growth. Developing rice cultivars that can germinate in flooded soils will ensure good crop establishment. Several major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for tolerance of anaerobic conditions during germination (anaerobic germination; AG) were identified from different landraces; and near isogenic lines (NILs) containing one of these QTLs (gAG-9-2, AG1) in the background of IR64 were developed. This study is an attempt to determine the effectiveness of AG1 QTL in improving germination of two IR64-AG NILs; IR 93312-30-101-20-3-66-6 (IR64-AG131) and IR93312-30-101-20-13-64-21 (IR64-AG132) sown under flooded conditions. The study also evaluated selected agronomic practices anticipated to further enhance crop establishment in flooded soils. IR64-AG NILs showed 81% and 217% higher plant populations over IR64-Sub1 and IR64, respectively, and this was also reflected as significantly higher grain yields.IR64-AG NILs mobilized relatively more starch into soluble sugars while submerged and maintained higher soluble sugar supply to the developing embryo resulting in faster and higher germination rates than the non-AG genotypes. Agronomic manipulations like higher seed rate (60 kg ha(-1)), better seeding methods and nutrient application improved seedling growth after germination and emergence, increasing plant height, leaf area, number of tillers and biomass accumulation. These improvements were reflected as higher grain yield even in the intolerant cultivar IR64. Application of 20% more phosphorus with the recommended N-P-K resulted in 21%, 16% and 19% higher grain yield in IR64-AG, IR64-Sub1 and IR64, respectively, over the control. The results established that combining proper crop establishment practices with tolerant genotype could enhance crop establishment in flooded soils using direct seeding methods, with consequent reduction in production costs and water use and subsequent increase in farmers' income. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：苗木出现和建立差是在水稻中采用直接播种的主要克制。这在雨水低地尤为关键，在播种后洪水可以立即发生，在萌发和早期幼苗生长期间产生厌氧条件。在洪水土壤中发芽的培养水稻品种将确保良好的作物建立。从不同的样力鉴定出萌发期间厌氧条件耐受性条件的几个主要定量性状基因座（QTLS）;开发了IR64背景中含有其中一种QTL（GAG-9-2，AG1）中的一种的近等离子碱（NIL）。该研究表明，试图确定AG1 QTL在改善两种IR64-AG的萌发方面的有效性; IR 93312-30-101-20-3-66-6（IR64-AG131）和IR93312-30-101-20-13-64-21（IR64-AG132）在洪水状况下播种。该研究还评估了预计的选定的农艺实践，以进一步加强洪水土壤中的作物建立。 IR64-AG NIL分别显示IR64-SUB1和IR64上的81％和217％的植物群体，这也被反映为显着提高的谷物产量。64-AG含量在浸没并保持更高的可溶性和保持较高的同时将相对较多的淀粉流入可溶性糖。发育胚胎的糖供应导致比非AG基因型更快和更高的萌发率。农艺操纵，如较高的种子率（60公斤HA（-1）），种子更好的播种方法和营养应用在萌发和出苗后改善幼苗生长，增加植物高度，叶面积，分蘖数和生物质积累。即使在不宽的品种IR64中，这些改善也被反映为更高的谷物产量。施用20％的磷与推荐的N-P-K相比，IR64-AG，IR64-SUB1和IR64中的谷物产量分别在对照中产生21％，16％和19％。结果设立了将适当的作物建立实践与耐受性基因型相结合，可以使用直接播种方法增强洪水土壤中的作物建立，从而降低了生产成本和用水量，随后的农民收入增加。 （c）2016年Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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