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首页> 外文期刊>Fungal Biology Reviews >Occurrence and possible roles of melanic pigments in lichenized ascomycetes
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Occurrence and possible roles of melanic pigments in lichenized ascomycetes

机译：黑色颜料在亚胺化ascometes中的发生和可能的作用

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摘要

Many species of lichenized ascomycetes are capable of synthesizing darkly colored melanin pigments by polymerizing phenolic compounds. Available data suggest that different clades of lichens produce various kinds of melanins, with N-2-fixing Peltigeralean lichens producing N-rich DOPA or "eumelanins" and lichens from other orders producing N-poor "allomelanins." In general, melanic lichens seem to be more common in environments with high levels of abiotic stress such as polar and montane regions, but they are by no means restricted to these habitats. Here, we review the occurrence of melanins in lichens, their chemical structure, methods of quantification and biological roles. Good evidence exists that melanins in lichens protect the mycobiont from high UV, and the photobiont against high PAR. However, given their many unique properties, it seems likely that melanins help lichens to survive a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. (C) 2019 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：许多单层化ascycetes能够通过聚合酚类化合物来合成暗色的黑色素颜料。可用数据表明，地衣不同的地形腕表生产各种黑色素，用N-2固定的Peltigeralan地衣生产N-富含多巴或“eumelanins”，以及来自产生N贫腺素“莫甲蛋白酶的其他订单的地衣。通常，黑色的地衣似乎在具有高水平的非生物胁迫的环境中更常见，例如极性和蒙太烷地区，但它们绝不限制这些栖息地。在这里，我们审查了地衣中黑色素的发生，它们的化学结构，定量方法和生物学作用。存在良好的证据，即衣服的黑色素保护高紫外线的肌菌，并对Photobiont抵抗高杆。然而，鉴于它们许多独特的性质，黑色素似乎有助于地衣在一系列生物和非生物胁迫下存活。 （c）2019年英国Mycological社会。 elsevier有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

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