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Production of Steel Ingots Without Zonal Chemical Inhomogeneity for the Billets of Parts of Power-Generating Units

机译：生产钢锭没有带有带有发电单元坯料坯料的钢锭

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We study the technological specific features of the production of steel ingots without zonal chemical inhomogeneity aimed at manufacturing the billets of various parts of power-generating units made of 15KhN3MFA and 15Kh2MFA steels. The technology of pouring in a vacuum is developed with regard for the results of the numerical analysis of the process of solidification of a steel ingot 13.56 tons in weight by using the Poligon system of automatized modeling of the pouring processes. In order to get high-quality ingots, steel was melted in an EAF-12 according to a special technology guaranteeing low contents of sulfur, phosphorus, nonmetallic inclusions, and hydrogen. The specific structural features of an ingot with a mean diameter of 922 mm and the ratio H/D = 2.05 are taken into account in the development of the technology of forging in a 3000-ton press. Forging is performed for billets 900 × 930 × 1200 mm in size with the axial channel located at the top of the billets. To avoid confusions, sulfur prints were made from the top and bottom surfaces of the billet. The investigations demonstrate that the sulfur prints are practically identical for both surfaces, and small separate sulfur inclusions are uniformly distributed. The macrostructure corresponds to the GOST-10243. The results of UT testing demonstrate that the billets of the parts contain no defects with an area greater than 5 mm_(2). The mechanical properties at temperatures 20°C and 350°C are practically identical and higher more than the requirements of normative documents by 15–20%. For the additional metallurgical quality examination of the metal, we manufactured a test shell with a height of 1100 mm, an outer diameter of 870 mm, and a wall thickness of 250 mm.
机译：我们研究了钢锭生产的技术具体特征，而无菌化学不均匀性，旨在制造由15kHn3MFA和15kH2MFA钢制成的各部分的各个部分的坯料。通过使用Poligon系统的浇注过程的自动化建模的POLIGON系统，开发了在真空中浇注真空技术的结果。为了获得高质量的锭，根据保证硫，磷，非金属夹杂物和氢气的低含量的特殊技术，钢在EAF-12中熔化。在3000吨压力机的锻造技术的开发中，考虑了平均直径为922mm和比率H / D = 2.05的铸锭的具体结构特征。锻造用于坯料900×930×1200mm的尺寸，轴向通道位于坯料顶部的轴向通道。为了避免混淆，硫印刷由坯料的顶部和底表面制成。该研究表明，硫印刷品几乎与表面相同，并且均匀分布小单独的硫夹杂物。宏观结构对应于GOST-10243。 UT测试的结果表明，部件的坯料不含缺陷，面积大于5mm_（2）。温度20°C和350℃的机械性能实际上是相同的，比规范文件的要求越高，达到15-20％。对于金属的额外冶金质量检查，我们制造了一个高度为1100毫米的试验壳，外径为870毫米，壁厚为250mm。

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