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Inhibition of autophagy impairs acrosome and mitochondrial crista formation during spermiogenesis in turtle: Ultrastructural evidence

机译:自噬抑制在龟的精子发生过程中损害了肌肤和线粒体嵴形成:超微结构证据

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摘要

Autophagy is a subcellular process that is extensively involved in spermiogenesis. In this study, we observed ultrastructural malformation of acrosome and mitochondrial cristae during the spermiogenesis of Chinese soft-shelled turtle due to the inhibition of autophagy. Autophagy was blocked with 3-MA, and the inhibition of autophagy was confirmed through western blot analysis. The morphological abnormalities of acrosomes and mitochondria were observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the early spermiogenesis (Golgi and cap phases), damaged macrovesicle was observed, and its proper expansion over the nucleus failed to be form a normal acrosomal cap. As spermiogenesis proceeded, the malformation of the acrosome in spermatids became more severe. In the late spermiogenesis (acrosomal and maturation phases), defective acrosome with damaged acrosomal membrane that was detached from the nucleus was observed. Along with malformed acrosome, elongation failed nucleus having oval or round shaped morphology was also observed. Moreover, morphological damage to the mitochondrial cristae was observed. Lacuna formation, half and complete loss of cristae were observed in the mitochondria of developing spermatids. We proposed that autophagy is required for normal formation of the acrosome and mitochondrial cristae during turtle spermiogenesis.
机译:自噬是一种亚细胞过程,其广泛参与精子发生。在这项研究中,由于自噬抑制,我们观察了在中国软壳龟的精子发生过程中的超微结构和线粒体嵴的超微结构畸形。自噬被3 mA封闭,通过蛋白质印迹分析确认了对自噬的抑制。在透射电子显微镜(TEM)下观察到辅助体和线粒体的形态异常。在早期的精子发生(Golgi和帽相)中,观察到受损的宏观囊泡,并且其对细胞核的适当膨胀未被形成正常的仿毒剂帽。随着精子发生进行的,精子在精子中的畸形变得更加严重。在晚期精子发生(仿体和成熟阶段)中,观察到从细胞核分离的损坏的毒素膜的缺陷的副骨。随着畸形的肌肤,还观察到具有椭圆形或圆形形态的伸长率失灵核。此外,观察到对线粒体嵴的形态损伤。在显影精子的线粒体中观察到裂变形成,半嵴完全丧失嵴。我们提出了在龟精心发生期间对肌体和线粒体嵴的正常​​形成需要自噬。

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