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Simulating the mechanics of sea ice using the discrete element method

机译：采用离散元素模拟海冰的力学

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We developed a technique using the discrete element method (DEM) to simulate the fracture mechanics of ice under flexural, compressive, and tensile loading. In the simulations, virtual blocks of ice are created through a multistep process. First, identical spheres are settled into a random packing. Then, a force network is established at the contact points between spherical elements, which are subsequently replaced by their representative Voronoi volumes. The results of three different sets of tests suggest that the strength of the simulated ice was well characterized using a linear function of the free parameters for the critical bond normal and shear stresses. Additionally, in the flexural strength tests the ratio of the ice thickness to the diameter of the spheres was shown to be sensitive for values less than 4.5, suggesting that a minimum number of bonds was necessary to produce robust estimates for the flexural strength. Overall, the results indicate that the simulations may be calibrated to match the strength properties of various types of ice found in the marginal ice zone (MIZ). The DEM simulations developed here may be used in larger scale models to directly incorporate the effects of ice break up on water waves in the MIZ. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：我们开发了一种使用离散元素方法（DEM）的技术来模拟弯曲，压缩和拉伸载荷下冰的断裂力学。在模拟中，通过多步骤过程创建虚拟冰块。首先，相同的球体沉淀成随机包装。然后，在球形元件之间的接触点处建立力网络，其随后被其代表Voronoi容量代替。三种不同的测试结果表明，模拟冰的强度很好地使用自由参数的线性函数来进行临界键正常和剪切应力。另外，在弯曲强度试验中，冰厚度与球体的直径的比率显示为小于4.5的值敏感，表明需要最小数量的粘合来产生弯曲强度的稳健估计。总的来说，结果表明，可以校准模拟以匹配在边缘冰区（MIZ）中发现的各种冰的强度特性。这里开发的DEM模拟可以用于较大的规模模型，以直接纳入冰块在MIZ中的水波上的影响。 elsevier有限公司出版

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