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首页> 外文期刊>Addiction biology >Heroin reduces startle and cortisol response in opioid-maintained heroin-dependent patients.
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Heroin reduces startle and cortisol response in opioid-maintained heroin-dependent patients.

机译：海洛因可减轻阿片类药物依赖的海洛因依赖患者的惊吓和皮质醇反应。

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Heroin dependence (HD) is a chronic relapsing brain disorder characterized by a compulsion to seek and use heroin. Stress is seen as a key factor for heroin use. Methadone maintenance and the prescription of pharmaceutical heroin [diacetylmorphine (DAM)] are established treatments for HD in several countries. The present study examined whether DAM-maintained patients and methadone-maintained patients differ from healthy controls in startle reflex and cortisol levels. Fifty-seven participants, 19 of each group matched for age, sex and smoking status, completed a startle session which included the presentation of 24 bursts of white noise while eye-blink responses to startling noises were recorded. Salivary cortisol was collected three times after awakening, before, during and after the startle session. DAM was administered before the experiment, while methadone was administered afterwards. Both heroin-dependent patient groups exhibited significantly smaller startle responses than healthy controls (P < 0.05). Whereas the cortisol levels after awakening did not differ across the three groups, the experimental cortisol levels were significantly lower in DAM-maintained patients, who received their opioid before the experiment, than in methadone-maintained patients and healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Opioid maintenance treatment for HD is associated with reduced startle responses. Acute DAM administration may suppress cortisol levels, and DAM maintenance treatment may represent an effective alternative to methadone in stress-sensitive, heroin-dependent patients.
机译：海洛因依赖症（HD）是一种慢性复发性脑部疾病，其特征在于强迫性寻求和使用海洛因。压力被视为使用海洛因的关键因素。美沙酮维持治疗和海洛因药物[二乙酰吗啡（DAM）]的处方已在许多国家用于HD。本研究检查了DAM维持的患者和美沙酮维持的患者在惊吓反射和皮质醇水平方面是否与健康对照组不同。 57名参与者（年龄，性别和吸烟状况各组中的19名参与者）完成了一个令人震惊的会议，其中包括24声白噪声的爆发，同时记录了对眨眼噪声的眨眼反应。惊醒后，惊醒前，惊醒中和惊醒后三次收集唾液皮质醇。实验前先服用DAM，然后再服用美沙酮。两个海洛因依赖的患者组均显示出比健康对照组明显更少的惊吓反应（P <0.05）。尽管三组的苏醒后皮质醇水平没有差异，但在实验前接受阿片类药物的DAM维持患者的实验皮质醇水平明显低于美沙酮维持患者和健康对照组（P <0.0001）。 HD的阿片类药物维持治疗可减少惊吓反应。急性DAM给药可能抑制皮质醇水平，DAM维持治疗可能代表对压力敏感，海洛因依赖患者的美沙酮的有效替代品。

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