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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >Multilocus phylogeny of Acrospermaceae: New epibiotic species and placement of Gonatophragmium, Pseudovirgaria, and Phaeodactylium anamorphs
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Multilocus phylogeny of Acrospermaceae: New epibiotic species and placement of Gonatophragmium, Pseudovirgaria, and Phaeodactylium anamorphs

机译：acrospermaceae的多焦虑系统发育：新的钝化物种和牙龈术，伪蓟马和phaeodactium onomormals的展示

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Acrospermum is a poorly known genus of epibiotic and saprophytic species with a subcosmopolitan distribution. Here, we investigate the intriguing relationship between Acrospermum and its host plants in the fern family Polypodiaceae, where it occurs upon approximately 45 neotropical species. We conducted phylogenetic analyses using an eight-marker comprehensive ascomycete data set comprising 719 species representing all major lineages along with 23 new Acrospermum specimens sampled from ferns. We ask whether fern-dwelling Acrospermum are monophyletic, whether epibiotic Acrospermum have evolved independently from saprophytic ancestors, and identify anamorphic phases by incorporating sequences for all suspected taxa. Our results corroborate the placement of Acrospermales within the Dothideomycetes with strong support. However, the order remains incertae sedis due to weak support along the branches subtending the clade that includes the Acrospermales plus Dyfrolomycetales. Our results show a strong phylogenetic pattern in lifestyles but do not clearly identify an ancestral life history state. The first divergence in Acrospermaceae splits fungicolous taxa from taxa that inhabit plants; saprophytes and anamorphic phases found on angiosperms occur in both clades. Fungicolous species are monophyletic, whereas species with an epibiotic or necrotic life history upon plants are nonmonophyletic due to the position of the saprophyte A. longisporium. Previously, all Acrospermum collected from ferns were identified as A. maxonii. Our results indicate that this is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of Gonatophragmium triuniae. Two species are described herein as A. gorditum, sp. nov., and A. leucocephalum, sp. nov. We find no instances of co-cladogenesis; however, our ability to detect this is limited by the lack of resolution in the A. maxonii clade. Rather, we see that that the distribution of epibiotic Acrospermum is explained by the overlap between the ecological niche of the Acrospermum species and its host.
机译：acrospermum是一种已知的癫痫酸和嗜酸性物种，具有子渗透分布。在这里，我们研究了患有蕨类族聚苯乙酯植物植物植物和宿主植物之间的有趣关系，在大约45个新生物种上发生。我们使用八分本综合ascomycete数据集进行了系统发育分析，包括从蕨类植物中采样的所有主要谱系的719种。我们询问蕨类植物患者是否是单体内的，无论是癫痫患者是否已经从嗜酸盐血管血管异常演变，并通过掺入所有疑似分类群的序列来鉴定种子阶段。我们的结果证实了强有力的支持，巩固了橡皮糖体的放置。然而，由于沿着分支的弱载体对包括acrospermales加达莫霉菌的薄膜的弱载体，顺序仍然是Incertae Sedis。我们的结果表明了生活方式的强大系统发育模式，但不明确识别祖先的生命历史状态。 acrospermaceae中的第一次分歧从居住植物的分类群中分裂甘露出的分类群;两种植物中发现了在Angiosperms上发现的saprophytes和变形阶段。储静物种是单噬细胞，而植物中具有癫痫的种类或坏死的生命历史的物种是由于藏孢子孢子孢子孢子的位置而导致的非直译。以前，从蕨类植物收集的所有acrospermum都被鉴定为xmaxonii。我们的结果表明，由于包含GonaTophragragriae，这不是单噬细胞。本文在本文中描述了两个物种作为胃肠杆菌。 11月。和A.Leucocephalum，SP。 11月。我们发现没有共括号的情况;然而，我们检测到这一点的能力受到A. Maxonii Clade缺乏分辨率的限制。相反，我们看到癫痫患者的癫痫患者的分布是通过呕血物种和其宿主的生态利基之间的重叠解释。

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