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首页> 外文期刊>Mycologia >Harnessing the power of phylogenomics to disentangle the directionality and signatures of interkingdom host jumping in the parasitic fungal genus Tolypocladium
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Harnessing the power of phylogenomics to disentangle the directionality and signatures of interkingdom host jumping in the parasitic fungal genus Tolypocladium

机译：利用系统染料组织的力量解开寄生虫真菌属醇膨胀中互惠宿主的方向性和签名

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摘要

Host specialization is common among parasitic fungi; however, there are examples when transitions in host specificity between disparately related hosts have occurred. Here, we examine the interkingdom host jump from insect pathogenicity and mycoparasitism in Tolypocladium. Previous phylogenetic inferences made using only a few genes and with poor support reconstructed an ancestral character state of insect pathogenesis, a transition to mycoparasitism, and reversions to insect pathogenesis. To further explore the directionality and genes underlying the transitions in host, we sequenced two additional species of Tolypocladium (T. capitatum and T. paradoxum) and used phylogenomics to compare two insect pathogens and two mycoparasites. Our whole-genome-scale analysis suggests that the diversification of Tolypocladium species happened relatively quickly and that the truffle parasites form a monophyletic, derived lineage within the genus that is the result of a single ecological transition or host jump from insects to fungi. A significant amount of gene tree/species tree discordance occurs within the data set, and we infer this to be the product of both an historical hybridization event and incomplete lineage sorting that was likely because of the rapid diversification of the clade. Furthermore, comparative genomic analyses revealed a set of genes that are exclusive to the mycoparasitic species. These potentially mycoparasitic gene clusters were characterized by a reduced proportion of secreted proteins when compared with entomopathogen-enriched genes and involved the reshaping of the fungal secretome in the ecological context of mycoparasitism.
机译：宿主专业化在寄生真菌中是常见的;但是，存在发生不同相关主机之间的主机特征的转换时存在示例。在这里，我们检查互毒性疾病和霉菌碱中的interkingdom宿主跳跃。以前使用少数基因和差的昆虫发病机构的祖先性状状态制造的本前系统发育推论，转型至菌霉菌，以及对昆虫发病机制的逆转。为了进一步探讨宿主过渡的过渡的方向性和基因，我们测序了两种额外的甲醛（T. Capitatum和T. paradoxum），并使用了系统核糖组织，比较了两种昆虫病原体和两种霉菌素。我们的全基因组分析表明，醇裂化物种的多样化相对较快地发生，并且松露的寄生虫形成了在属中的单细胞，衍生的血统，这是单一生态转变或宿主从昆虫跳到真菌的结果。在数据集中发生大量的基因树/物种树嫌疑，并且我们推断这是历史杂交事件和不完整的谱系分类的产物，这可能是因为疏水板的快速多样化。此外，比较基因组分析显示了一组是霉菌物种排他性的基因。这些潜在的霉菌基因簇具有减少的分泌蛋白比例的比例减少，当与昆虫肝癌的基因相比，并涉及在菌丝糖碱的生态背景下进行真菌沉淀的重塑。

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