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Long-term effects of silver nanoparticles in caco-2 cells

机译：银纳米粒子在Caco-2细胞中的长期影响

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The high success of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), mainly associated with their proved antimicrobial properties, has led to an increasing spread in our close environment. Although many studies have been carried out to detect potential toxicity of AgNPs, most of them have been developed under unrealistic exposure conditions. In terms of human risk, the evaluation of long-term exposures to subtoxic doses of NPs remains a challenge. Here, we have determined different transformation-related end points under a scenario of 6 weeks long-term exposure to low noncytotoxic AgNPs concentrations (0.5 and 1 mu g/mL) in Caco-2 cells. A significant uptake of AgNPs was demonstrated by using confocal microscopy showing a high presence of AgNPs in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. As for the assayed parameters of cell transformation such as ability to growth without requiring adherence to a surface (soft-agar assay), the secretion of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase to the medium (zymography), migration capacity and ability of the secretome of exposed cells to promote tumor growth, significant effects were detected in all cases, with the exception of the extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9) secretion. Our results point out the potential carcinogenic risk associated with AgNPs exposure under long-term exposure conditions, as well as the importance of using realistic exposure scenarios to test nanomaterials.
机译：银纳米颗粒（AgNP）的高成功主要与其经过证明的抗微生物性质相关，导致我们密切的环境中的蔓延。虽然已经进行了许多研究以检测AgNP的潜在毒性，但大多数都是在不切实际的暴露条件下开发的。就人类风险而言，对亚氧化氮剂量的长期暴露的评估仍然是挑战。在这里，我们在长期暴露于低非胞素毒性AgNP浓度（0.5和1μg/ ml）的情况下确定了不同的转化相关终点，在CaCO-2细胞中。通过使用共聚焦显微镜表明在细胞质和细胞核中显示出高agnps的高存在agnps的高存在，证明了显着的AgNP。对于细胞转化的测定参数，例如生长的能力而不需要粘附到表面（软琼脂测定），细胞外基质金属蛋白酶分泌到培养基（酶谱系），迁移能力和暴露细胞沉淀的能力促进肿瘤生长，在所有情况下检测到显着的影响，除了细胞外基质金属蛋白酶（MMP2和MMP9）分泌。我们的结果指出了在长期暴露条件下与AGNP暴露相关的潜在致癌风险，以及使用现实暴露场景来测试纳米材料的重要性。

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