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首页> 外文期刊>Nature reviews. Genetics >Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation in health and disease
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Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation in health and disease

机译：健康与疾病中的替代裂解和多腺苷酸化

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Most human genes have multiple sites at which RNA 3. end cleavage and polyadenylation can occur, enabling the expression of distinct transcript isoforms under different conditions. Novel methods to sequence RNA 3' ends have generated comprehensive catalogues of polyadenylation (poly(A)) sites; their analysis using innovative computational methods has revealed how poly(A) site choice is regulated by core RNA 3. end processing factors, such as cleavage factor I and cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor, as well as by other RNA-binding proteins, particularly splicing factors. Here, we review the experimental and computational methods that have enabled the global mapping of mRNA and of long non-coding RNA 3. ends, quantification of the resulting isoforms and the discovery of regulators of alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA). We highlight the different types of APA-derived isoforms and their functional differences, and illustrate how APA contributes to human diseases, including cancer and haematological, immunological and neurological diseases.
机译：大多数人类基因具有多个位点，在该网站上，可以发生RNA 3的末端切割和多腺苷酸化，从而能够在不同条件下表达不同的转录物同种型。序列RNA 3'末端的新方法已经产生了多腺苷酸（聚（a））位点的综合目录;使用创新计算方法的分析揭示了多（a）现场选择是如何通过核心RNA 3进行调节的。终端处理因子，例如切割因子I和切割和多腺苷酸特异性因子，以及其他RNA结合蛋白，特别是剪接因素。在这里，我们审查了使MRNA和长期非编码RNA 3的全局映射的实验和计算方法3.结束，定量所得同种型的定量和替代切割和多腺苷酸调节剂（APA）的发现。我们突出了不同类型的APA衍生的同种型及其功能差异，并说明APA如何对人类疾病有助于，包括癌症和血液学，免疫学和神经疾病。

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