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首页> 外文期刊>Nature nanotechnology >High-flux water desalination with interfacial salt sieving effect in nanoporous carbon composite membranes
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High-flux water desalination with interfacial salt sieving effect in nanoporous carbon composite membranes

机译：具有纳米多孔碳复合膜的界面盐筛分效应的高通量水脱盐

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摘要

Freshwater flux and energy consumption are two important benchmarks for the membrane desalination process. Here, we show that nanoporous carbon composite membranes, which comprise a layer of porous carbon fibre structures grown on a porous ceramic substrate, can exhibit 100% desalination and a freshwater flux that is 3-20 times higher than existing polymeric membranes. Thermal accounting experiments demonstrated that the carbon composite membrane saved over 80% of the latent heat consumption. Theoretical calculations combined with molecular dynamics simulations revealed the unique microscopic process occurring in the membrane. When the salt solution is stopped at the openings to the nanoscale porous channels and forms a meniscus, the vapour can rapidly transport across the nanoscale gap to condense on the permeate side. This process is driven by the chemical potential gradient and aided by the unique smoothness of the carbon surface. The high thermal conductivity of the carbon composite membrane ensures that most of the latent heat is recovered.
机译：淡水通量和能量消耗是膜脱盐过程的两个重要基准。在此，我们表明，纳米多孔碳复合膜，其包含在多孔陶瓷基材上生长的多孔碳纤维结构层，可以表现出100％脱盐和淡水通量，其比现有的聚合物膜高3-20倍。热核算实验表明，碳复合膜保存超过80％的潜热消耗。与分子动力学模拟相结合的理论计算揭示了膜中发生的独特微观过程。当盐溶液停在向纳米级多孔通道的开口处并形成弯月面时，蒸汽可以在纳米级间隙中快速地运输以冷凝渗透侧。该过程由化学潜在梯度驱动，并通过碳表面的独特平滑度驱动。碳复合膜的高导热率确保了大部分潜热回收。

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  • 来源
    《Nature nanotechnology》 |2018年第4期|共7页
  • 作者

    Chen Wei; Chen Shuyu; Liang Tengfei; Zhang Qiang; Fan Zhongli; Yin Hang; Huang Kuo-Wei; Zhang Xixiang; Lai Zhiping; Sheng Ping;

  • 作者单位

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    Hong Kong Univ Sci &

    Technol Dept Phys Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China;

    Hong Kong Univ Sci &

    Technol Dept Phys Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China;

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    King Abdullah Univ Sci &

    Technol Div Phys Sci &

    Engn Thuwal Saudi Arabia;

    Hong Kong Univ Sci &

    Technol Dept Phys Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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