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首页> 外文期刊>Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie. Abhandlungen >The extinct catshark Pachyscyllium distans (PROBST, 1879) (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea
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The extinct catshark Pachyscyllium distans (PROBST, 1879) (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea

机译：灭绝的Catshark Pachyscyllium Distans（Probst，1879）（Elasmobranchii：Carcharliniformes）在地中海的全世界中

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摘要

Sharks assigned to the carcharhiniform family Scyliorhinidae account for about 160 extant species placed in 18 genera. Most living scyliorhinids are small- to medium-sized ground sharks provided with cat-like eyes and nasal barbels similar to whiskers; hence their vernacular name, "catsharks". Living catsharks mostly inhabit deep or rather deep waters of the warm and temperate seas worldwide, foraging on small fishes and inverterbates. In the present paper, we report on a lateral tooth of Scyliorhinidae collected from a clay pit at Certaldo (central Italy), where marine mudstones belonging to the famously fossiliferous Pliocene successions of Tuscany are exposed. This catshark specimen represents the second bona fide record of the extinct premontreine species Pachyscyllium distans in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the geologically youngest confirmed occurrence of this species worldwide. In the Mediterranean Pliocene, P. distans thus coexisted with the similar but distinct species Pachyscyllium dachiardii. After having been widespread in Northern Atlantic, Paratethyan, and Mediterranean waters in Miocene times, P. distans became confined to the Mediterranean Sea during the Pliocene. Therefore, similar to what has recently been suggested for P. dachiardii, we hypothesise that the range of P. distans contracted southward as colder conditions took hold in the Northern Hemisphere. The eventual extinction of P. distans might be related to the first cooling episode that significantly affected the Mediterranean biota around 3 Ma.
机译：分配给Carcharliniform Family Scyliorhinidae的鲨鱼占大约160种患者的18个属。大多数活的静脉注射都小到中型地面鲨，提供猫般的眼睛和类似晶须的鼻棒;因此，他们的白话名称“catsharks”。生活轿厢主要居住在全球温暖和温带海洋的深层或更深的水域，觅食小鱼和逆风物。在本文中，我们报告了在Certaldo（意大利中部）的粘土坑中收集的Scyliorhinidae的横向牙齿，其中属于托斯卡纳的着名百种解放托斯卡纳的船舶泥岩。该型号标本代表了地中海全茂的灭绝预防性物种麻痹症的第二次BONA FIDE记录，以及全球该物种的地质上最小的确诊发生。在地中海全烯，P.迄今为止，与类似但不同的物种麻痹碱脂质杆菌的潮解。在北大西洋，帕拉托丹的北部，地中海水域普及后，P. Distans在专利期内被局限于地中海。因此，类似于最近被提出的P. Dachiardii的内容，我们假设南部北半球持有南部的P. Distans的范围。 P. Distans的最终灭绝可能与第一个冷却发作有关，这些冷却发作会显着影响地中海Biota大约3 mA。

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