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Neural measures associated with configural threat acquisition

机译：与配置威胁采集相关的神经措施

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摘要

Contextual threat learning reflects two often competing processes: configural and elemental learning. Configural threat learning is a hippocampal-dependent process of forming a conjunctive representation of a context through binding of several multi-modal elements. In contrast, elemental threat-learning is governed by the amygdala and involves forming associative relationships between individual features within the context. Contextual learning tasks in humans however, rarely probe if a learned fear response is truly due to configural learning vs. simple elemental associations. The aim of the current study was to probe both constructs separately to enable a more refined interpretation of configural vs. elemental threat learning performance and mediating circuits. Subjects (n = 25) performed both a novel feature-identical contextual threat conditioning task and a discrete cue threat acquisition task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Results demonstrated increased hippocampus activity for the threat configuration compared to the safe configuration. This pattern was not observed in the amygdala. In contrast, elemental threat learning was associated with increased amygdala, but not hippocampus activity. Whole-brain analyses revealed that both configural and elemental threat acquisition share neural circuitry related to fear expression. These results provide support for the importance of the hippocampus specifically in configural threat acquisition and fear expression.
机译：背景威胁学习反映了两个往往的竞争流程：配置和元素学习。配置威胁学习是一种通过几种多模态元素的结合形成上下文的联合表示的流行依赖性过程。相比之下，元素威胁学习由Amygdala管辖，涉及在上下文中形成个人特征之间的联想关系。然而，人类中的上下文学习任务，很少探讨如果学习恐惧响应真的是因为配置学习与简单的元素关联。目前研究的目的是分开探测两个构造，以便更精细地解释配置与元素威胁学习性能和调解电路。受试者（n = 25）在经历功能磁共振成像的同时执行新颖的特征相同的上下文威胁调节任务和离散的提示威胁采集任务。结果与安全配置相比，威胁配置的海马活动增加了。在Amygdala中未观察到这种模式。相比之下，元素威胁学习与杏仁醛增加有关，但不是海马活动。全脑分析显示，与恐惧表达相关的配置和元素威胁采集均股份份额。这些结果提供了支持对海马的重要性，特别是在配置威胁采集和恐惧表达中。

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