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Geophysical characterization and earthquake hazard vulnerability of Dhaka Mega City, Bangladesh, vis-a-vis impact of scenario earthquakes

机译：达卡梅加城，孟加拉国，孟加拉国，Vis-A-Vis影响情景地震影响的地球物理表征及地震危害脆弱性

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Geophysical characterization of the subsurface by shallow seismic and electrical resistivity in conjunction with the geological conditions can provide more realistic information on earthquake hazard vulnerability assessment. Earthquake hazard vulnerability assessment requires not only the knowledge of earthquake source and propagation of seismic waves, but also local geological conditions which regulate ground shaking. Geophysical methods such as shallow seismic, electrical tomography, borehole geophysics and microtremor response are the most effective tools those contribute substantially in the earthquake hazard microzoning program. Strong-motion ground shaking character of a site due to an earthquake depends firstly on the magnitude of the source (moment magnitude, Mw) and the focal depth. However, fault reactivation can develop strong ground shaking at a site. Similarly, ground liquefaction can occur due to wave attenuation and amplification and can develop long residence time for ground shaking. Hence, earthquake hazard vulnerability of a site can be addressed more realistically taking into consideration of the source response, path response and site response. Groundwater condition and lithological variation of the subsurface zone can play an important role on the seismic response of a site. Geophysical parameters such as electrical resistivity, shear-wave velocity, dominant period and amplification factor in conjunction with geological information provide earthquake hazard vulnerability status. Earthquake hazard zoning is the first and the most important required step toward seismic risk analysis and mitigation strategy in the densely populated urban areas. Major earthquakes such as Bengal Earthquake in 1885 (also known as Manikganj Earthquake), 1897 Great Indian Earthquake and 1918 Srimangal Earthquake affected Dhaka Mega City of Bangladesh significantly. These earthquakes have been considered as the scenario earthquakes for hazard vulnerability assessment of Dhaka Mega City.
机译：通过浅层地震和电阻率结合地质条件的地球物理表征，可以提供关于地震危害脆弱性评估的更现实的信息。地震风险脆弱性评估不仅需要对地震来源和地震波的传播，还需要局部地质条件调节地面摇动。浅层地震，电断层扫描，钻孔地球物理和微良反应等地球物理方法是最有效的工具，这些工具大量造成地震危险微型计划。由于地震，部位的强运动地面摇动特征首先取决于源极限（力矩，MW）和焦深的幅度。然而，故障再激活可以在网站上发挥强大的地面摇动。类似地，由于波浪衰减和放大，可以发生接地液化，并且可以开发用于地面摇动的长期停留时间。因此，考虑到源响应，路径响应和站点响应，可以更现实地解决站点的地震风险脆弱性。地下区的地下水条件和岩性变化可以在地震响应上发挥重要作用。电阻率，剪切波速度，主导时期和扩增因子等地球物理参数与地质信息一起提供地震危害脆弱性状态。地震危险区分区是致力于人口稠密的城市地区地震风险分析和缓解策略的第一步和最重要的阶段。 1885年孟加拉大地震等主要地震（又称Manikgang地震），1897年伟大的印度地震和1918年僧侣地震大大影响了德哈卡梅格市孟加拉国。这些地震被认为是Dhaka Mega市危险脆弱性评估的场景地震。

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