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Advanced Neurotechnologies for the Restoration of Motor Function

机译:用于恢复电机功能的先进神经技术

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摘要

Stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term disability. Advanced technological solutions ("neurotechnologies'') exploiting robotic systems and electrodes that stimulate the nervous system can increase the efficacy of stroke rehabilitation. Recent studies on these approaches have shown promising results. However, a paradigm shift in the development of new approaches must be made to significantly improve the clinical outcomes of neurotechnologies compared with those of traditional therapies. An "evolutionary'' change can occur only by understanding in great detail the basic mechanisms of natural stroke recovery and technology-assisted neurorehabilitation. In this review, we first describe the results achieved by existing neurotechnologies and highlight their current limitations. In parallel, we summarize the data available on the mechanisms of recovery from electrophysiological, behavioral, and anatomical studies in humans and rodent models. Finally, we propose new approaches for the effective use of neurotechnologies in stroke survivors, as well as in people with other neurological disorders.
机译:中风是长期残疾的主要原因之一。高级技术解决方案(“神经技术”)利用刺激神经系统的机器人系统和电极可以提高中风康复的疗效。最近对这些方法的研究表明了有希望的结果。然而,在新方法的发展中的范式转变必须是与传统疗法相比,显着改善神经外技术的临床结果。只有通过理解自然卒中恢复和技术辅助神经环境的基本机制,才能实现“进化”的变化。在本次审查中,我们首先描述了现有的神经技术实现的结果,并突出了其当前限制。并行,我们总结了在人类和啮齿动物模型中的电生理学,行为和解剖学研究中恢复的恢复机制的数据。最后,我们提出了新方法,以有效地使用中风幸存者中的神经技术,以及其他神经障碍的人。

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  • 来源
    《Neuron》 |2020年第4期|共17页
  • 作者单位

    Scuola Super Sant Anna Biorobot Inst Pisa Italy;

    Univ Padua Dept Biomed Sci Padua Italy;

    Univ Pisa Dept Translat Res &

    New Technol Med &

    Surg Neurorehabil Sect Pisa Italy;

    EPFL Ctr Neuroprosthet CNP Defitech Chair Clin Neuroengn CH-1202 Geneva Switzerland;

    Politecn Milan Dept Elect Informat &

    Bioengn Neuroengn &

    Med Robot Lab NearLab I-20133 Milan;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 神经病学;
  • 关键词

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