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Remote sensing of ocean surface currents: a review of what is being observed and what is being assimilated

机译:远程传感海面电流:对被观察到的内容以及被同化的内容的审查

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摘要

Ocean currents play a key role in Earth's climate - they impact almost any process taking place in the ocean and are of major importance for navigation and human activities at sea. Nevertheless, their observation and forecasting are still difficult. First, no observing system is able to provide direct measurements of global ocean currents on synoptic scales. Consequently, it has been necessary to use sea surface height and sea surface temperature measurements and refer to dynamical frameworks to derive the velocity field. Second, the assimilation of the velocity field into numerical models of ocean circulation is difficult mainly due to lack of data. Recent experiments that assimilate coastal-based radar data have shown that ocean currents will contribute to increasing the forecast skill of surface currents, but require application in multidata assimilation approaches to better identify the thermohaline structure of the ocean. In this paper we review the current knowledge in these fields and provide a global and systematic view of the technologies to retrieve ocean velocities in the upper ocean and the available approaches to assimilate this information into ocean models.
机译:海洋电流在地球的气候中发挥着关键作用 - 它们几乎影响了海洋中发生的任何过程,对海上导航和人类活动具有重要意义。然而,他们的观察和预测仍然很困难。首先,没有观察系统能够在天气尺度上提供全球海洋电流的直接测量。因此,有必要使用海面高度和海面温度测量并指的是导致速度场的动态框架。其次,将速度场的同化分化为海洋循环的数值模型,主要是由于数据缺乏。最近的实验表明,海洋电流将有助于提高表面电流的预测技能,但需要在多田同化方法中应用以更好地识别海洋的热卤素结构。在本文中,我们审查了这些领域的当前知识,并提供了一种全球和系统的技术,以检索上海的海洋速度和可用方法,使这些信息也在海洋模型中。

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