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A Laser-based High Precision Monitoring System for Railway Subgrade Settlement Based on Machine Vision

机译：基于机器视觉的铁路路基沉降基于激光的高精度监测系统

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摘要

To improve the measurement accuracy of subgrade surface settlement deformation monitoring, this study proposes a high precision, long-term, automatic online monitoring system for subgrade surface settlement imaging. First, the working principle and working mode of the online monitoring system for subgrade surface settlement are introduced. Second, the key technologies of the monitoring system is introduced. For the problem that the relative position of the target-illumination camera in the monitoring system is deflected via train vibration, the pose measurement system is proposed and a method of position and attitude calculation (p4p) for rectangular four feature points of the target surface is proposed. Finally, the experimental results indicate that the pose measurement method proposed in this study can solve the rotation angle error less than 0.09 degrees, and the relative angle error is 1.003% when the relative deflection angle is less than 2 degrees, which can be effectively applied to the subgrade images in the settlement online monitoring system. The in situ testing results illustrated that the monitoring system corrected by the pose measurement system avoids the detection of non-real subgrade settlement and improves the measurement accuracy. We also compared the cumulative error of the monitoring system with the manual observation error for 10 months and found the error values were less than 1 mm, which meets the requirements of subgrade surface settlement monitoring.
机译：为了提高路基表面沉降变形监测的测量精度，本研究提出了一种高精度，长期自动在线监测系统，用于路基表面沉降成像。首先，介绍了路基表面沉降的在线监测系统的工作原理和工作模式。其次，介绍了监控系统的关键技术。对于通过列车振动偏转监控系统中的目标照明相机的相对位置的问题，提出了姿势测量系统，并且目标表面的矩形四个特征点的位置和姿态计算（P4P）的方法是建议的。最后，实验结果表明，该研究中提出的姿势测量方法可以解决小于0.09度的旋转角度误差，当相对偏转角度小于2度时，相对角度误差为1.003％，这可以有效地应用在结算在线监控系统中的路基图像。本地测试结果表明，由姿势测量系统校正的监控系统避免了检测非实际路基结算，并提高了测量精度。我们还将监控系统的累积误差与手动观测误差进行了处理10个月，发现误差值小于1毫米，符合路基表面沉降监测的要求。

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