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Identifying sediment source areas in a Mediterranean watershed using the SWAT model

机译：使用SWAT模型识别地中海流域中的沉积物源区域

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摘要

This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model in simulating runoff and sediment loss in the Carapelle (SE Italy), a typical Mediterranean watershed, where continuous measurements of streamflow and sediment concentration were collected over a 5-year period, on a half-hour timescale, processed on a daily timescale. After sensitivity analysis, the model was calibrated and validated for runoff and sediment. Statistics show generally satisfactory efficiency. To further improve sediment simulation performance, we used a seasonal calibration scheme, in which data recorded in the dry and wet seasons were used to calibrate sediments separately, on a seasonal basis. We also tested the model's capability in identifying the major sediment source zones and river segments where there is sediment deposition. On the basin scale, the average water yield (186mm) corresponds to 27% of the total rainfall (686mm), and average annual sediment load was estimated to be 6.8tha(-1)year(-1). On the subbasin scale, a gradient of sediment yield was found that is characterised by a large difference among the upper (7 to 13tha(-1)year(-1)), central, and lower parts (&1tha(-1)year(-1)) of the study area. Conversely, deposition in channel flow has its highest values in the central part of the watershed, where there is an alluvial plain. Winter wheat and olive land use are the major source areas, in terms of sediment. This study confirms that the Mediterranean watershed is a fragile ecosystem, and measures are needed to mitigate soil depletion.
机译：本研究旨在评估土壤和水评估工具模型在Carapelle（SE Italy）中的径流和沉积物损失，是一个典型的地中海流域，其中在5年期间收集了流出和沉积物浓度的连续测量在半小时的时间内存下，每天都在每日时间。敏感性分析后，模型被校准并验证径流和沉积物。统计数据显示一般令人满意的效率。为了进一步提高沉积物仿真性能，我们使用了季节性校准方案，其中在干燥和湿季节中记录的数据以季节性的基础分别校准沉积物。我们还测试了识别具有沉积沉积物沉积的主要沉积源区和河段的模型的能力。在盆地规模上，平均水产率（186mm）对应于总降雨量的27％（686mm），估计平均年度沉积物负荷为6.8（-1）年（-1）。在亚巴巴辛规模上，发现沉积物产量的梯度，其特征在于上部（7至13个（-1）年（-1）），中央和下部（＆amp; lttha（ - 1）研究区的年（-1））。相反，通道流中的沉积在流域的中央部分中的最高值，其中有一种冲积平原。冬小麦和橄榄土地使用是主要来源领域，就沉积物而言。本研究证实，地中海流域是一种脆弱的生态系统，需要措施来减轻土壤耗尽。

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