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Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion in Beijing during 1985-2013 with rural-urban development transformation

机译：1985 - 2013年北京市城市扩张的量态模式与农村城市发展转型

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摘要

Rural-urban development transformation has entered a crucial period with the development of urbanization, informatization, industrialization and agricultural modernization. Quantifying spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion is essential to monitor and assess the process of urbanization and offer a theoretical basis for rural restructuring and landscape dynamics. In this paper, we used the remotely sensed land use data to quantify and research spatio-temporal patterns of urban expansion from 1985 to 2013 in Beijing, China. This study integrated methods of statistical analysis (i.e., calculation of time series landscape matrices and urban expansion index) and the gravity-center model to study the landscape configuration, the holistic change of urban land in area, size, expansion speed and movement direction, respectively. Meanwhile, GIS-based buffer analysis was also applied to study the spatial mode of urban expansion in Beijing. Results demonstrated that (1) Beijing has experienced magnificent urban sprawl in the last 28 years. The combination of time series landscape matrices exhibited a typical spatial configuration of urban sprawling in Beijing: leapfrog development of new urban nuclei formation in areas which were non-adjacent to existing urban centers with obvious fragmentation, as well as expansion of existing urban areas resulting in contiguous urban entities in each time interval; (2) The gravity center of urban land continued moving northeastward, except during the time intervals of 1995-2000 and 2010-2013 when it moved southward; (3) The northern fan-shaped suburb was the most active area of urban expansion before 2005, and urban later had a concentrated expansion toward the southern inverted-triangle-shaped area; and (4) Urban sprawl presented denotative features along the motorways, while urban also expanded in the form of a big pancake.
机译：农村城市发展转型进入了城市化，信息化，产业化和农业现代化发展的关键时期。量化城市扩张的时空模式对于监测和评估城市化进程至关重要，为农村重组和景观动态提供理论基础。在本文中，我们使用了远程感知的土地利用数据，从1985年到2013年在中国北京的城市扩建量量化和研究了城市扩张的时空模式。本研究统计分析综合方法（即，计算时间序列景观矩阵和城市扩展指数）和重力中心模型研究景观配置，城市土地整体变化面积，尺寸，膨胀速度和运动方向，分别。同时，还应用了基于GIS的缓冲分析来研究北京城市扩张的空间模式。结果表明（1）北京在过去的28年中经历过华丽的城市蔓延。时间序列景观矩阵的组合表现出北京市城市庞大的典型空间配置：跨越新城市核形成的跨越式发展，与现有城市中心与明显的碎片，以及现有城市地区的扩张每个时间间隔的连续城市实体; （2）城市土地的重力中心持续向北移动，除了1995 - 2000年和2010-2010南方时的时间间隔; （3）北部扇形郊区是2005年之前最活跃的城市扩张领域，城市后来对南方倒立三角形地区具有集中的扩张; （4）城市蔓延沿着高速公路呈现的表示特征，而城市也以大煎饼的形式扩大。

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