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The Potential Effects of Radiation on the Gut-Brain Axis

机译：辐射对肠轴轴的潜在影响

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Over the course of a lifetime, humans may be exposed to different types of radiation, typically in the form of low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, which is used,for example, in cancer treatment. In addition, astronauts may be exposed to high-LET radiation in outer space. Here, we propose that alterations to the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota may occur when exposure to either low- or high-LET radiation,and that these alterations may perturb important relationships that exist between the GI microbiota and human health. For example, the GI microbiota can communicate with the brain via various pathways and molecules, such as the enteric nervous system, the vagus nerve, microbial metabolites and the immune system. This relationship has been termed the "gut-brain axis". Alterations to the composition of the GI microbiome can lead to alterations in its functional metabolic output and means of communication, therefore potentially causing downstream cognitive effects. Consequently, studying how radiation can affect this important network of communication could lead to new and critical interventions, as well as prevention strategies. Herein, we review the evidence supporting a relationship between radiation exposure and disruption of the gut-brain axis as well as summarize strategies that may be used to counter the effects of radiation exposure on the GI microbiome.
机译：在一生的过程中，人类可以暴露于不同类型的辐射，通常以低线性能量转移（使）辐射的形式，该辐射例如在癌症治疗中使用。此外，宇航员可能暴露于外层空间中的高辐射。在这里，我们提出对胃肠道（GI）微生物群的改变可能在暴露于低或高让辐射时发生，并且这些改变可能会扰乱GI微生物群和人类健康之间存在的重要关系。例如，Gi Microbiota可以通过各种途径和分子与大脑通信，例如肠道神经系统，迷走神经，微生物代谢物和免疫系统。这种关系被称为“肠脑轴”。 GI微生物组组合物的改变可以导致其功能性代谢输出和通信手段的改变，因此可能导致下游认知效果。因此，研究辐射如何影响这种重要的沟通网络可能导致新的和批判性干预以及预防策略。在此，我们审查了支持辐射暴露和肠脑轴破坏之间关系的证据以及总结可用于反对辐射暴露对GI微生物组的影响的策略。

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