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首页> 外文期刊>African Entomology >Grapevine leafroll-associated vims 3 (GLRaV-3) transmission by three soft scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccidae) with notes on their biology
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Grapevine leafroll-associated vims 3 (GLRaV-3) transmission by three soft scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccidae) with notes on their biology

机译：三种软鳞昆虫物种（半翅目：球虫）的葡萄叶卷相关病毒3（GLRaV-3）传播及其生物学注释

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摘要

Several mealybug and two soft scale species have been identified as vectors of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3), the most abundant of the Closteroviridae associated with grapevine leafroll disease. To identify further soft scale vectorsof GLRaV-3, the ability of three species, Coccus longulus, Parasaissetia nigra and a Saissetia sp., to transmit the virus to grapevine was determined under laboratory conditions. Using cultured soft scales, first-instar nymphs of C. longulus and P. nigra were given acquisition access to GLRaV-3-infected rootstock hybrid LN33. Saissetia sp. was reared on LN33 infected with GLRaV-3 and Grapevine virus A (GVA). Nymphs were transferred from virus source to virus-free grapevine plants (cv. Cabernet franc).Recipient plants were tested for GLRaV-3 and GVA with nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) and RT-PCR, respectively. The study shows for the first time that C. longulus, P. nigra and a Saissetia sp. are vectors of GLRaV-3. Saissetia sp. did not transmit GVA. The biology of C. longulus and P. nigra on grapevine was examined at different constant temperatures ranging between 18 and 35 °C, and at 25 and 30 °C, respectively. None of the nymphs survived past the second-instar stage except for one C. longulus female at 30 °C, which produced 117 offspring. The low survival rate could explain the low abundance and patchy distribution of soft scales in South African vineyards. However, outbreaks of soft scales in European vineyards have been reported and this study shows that more soft scale insect species than hitherto thought are able to transmit the virus.
机译：几个粉虱和两个软鳞种已被确定为葡萄卷叶病相关病毒3（GLRaV-3）的载体，这是与葡萄卷叶病相关的最丰富的梭状病毒科。为了鉴定GLRaV-3的进一步的软规模载体，在实验室条件下测定了三种物种长球菌，黑拟寄生虫和黑缘病菌将病毒传播到葡萄的能力。使用培养的软鳞片，使长毛。和黑松的第一龄若虫获得对GLRaV-3感染的砧木杂交LN33的获取途径。 is属在感染了GLRaV-3和葡萄病毒A（GVA）的LN33上饲养牛。若虫从病毒源转移到无病毒的葡萄植物中（Cab。Cabernet franc）。分别通过嵌套逆转录聚合酶链反应（巢式RT-PCR）和RT-PCR测试收件人植物的GLRaV-3和GVA。这项研究首次显示了长毛弯曲杆菌，黑假单胞菌和赛氏菌。是GLRaV-3的载体。 is属没有传输GVA。在18至35°C和25至30°C的不同恒定温度下，对葡萄中的C. longulus和P. nigra进行了生物学检查。若虫在30摄氏度下繁殖了117个后代，但没有任何一个若虫存活到第二龄期。低的成活率可以解释南非葡萄园中软鳞片的丰度和分布不均。然而，据报道，欧洲葡萄园爆发了软鳞病，这项研究表明，比以前认为的更多的软鳞病昆虫能够传播这种病毒。

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