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首页> 外文期刊>African Entomology >Effect of a granulovirus larvicide, MadexReg., on egg-laying of Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) due to changes in chemical signalization on the apple leaf surface.
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Effect of a granulovirus larvicide, MadexReg., on egg-laying of Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) due to changes in chemical signalization on the apple leaf surface.

机译：颗粒病毒杀幼虫剂MadexReg。对苹果叶片表面化学信号变化引起的Cydia pomonella L.（鳞翅目：Tortricidae）产卵的影响。

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摘要

Applications of MadexReg. (granulovirus) against the codling moth, Cydia pomonella, which targets neonate larvae before or during their initial entry into fruit, provide selective control of this key apple pest. Differences in the efficacy of MadexReg. treatment against C. pomonella larvae were observed in an experimental orchard in northern Italy on two apple tree cultivars, 'Golden Delicious' and 'Red Chief'. The intensity of egg-laying by the moth may vary from one cultivar to another. The composition of a metabolite blend on the leaf surface consisting of glucose, fructose, sucrose, sorbitol, quebrachitol and myo-inositol is one of the factors that could explain these variations. Our hypothesis was therefore that variations in the efficacy of MadexReg. could be related to variations in egg numbers, itself related to the composition of metabolites on the leaf surface of each cultivar. Differences in egg-laying (number and localization) were recorded on the two cultivars, 'Golden Delicious' and 'Red Chief', untreated or treated with the larvicide. MadexReg. had the same efficacy on both cultivars in terms of the reduction of fruit damage due to larval feeding. Surprisingly, the effect of MadexReg. on reducing damage seemed less tied to a lethal effect of the larvicide on the larvae than to egg-laying reduction, the latter being linked to changes in chemical signals of the leaf surface induced by applications of MadexReg.. This observation was verified by experiments on egg-laying on an artificial substrate. When the active metabolite blends mimicking the corymb leaf surface compositions of each cultivar (untreated and treated with MadexReg.) were applied to nylon cloth egg-laying substrates, significant reductions in acceptance (% of egg-laying females) and egg-laying stimulation (number of eggs per egg-laying female) were observed. The reduction of eggs on 'Red Chief' could be primarily explained by a drastic effect on egg-laying stimulation, whereas the reduction on 'Golden Delicious' was partly due to a lower acceptance. The number of eggs laid naturally differs from one apple tree cultivar to another. The effects of reduced egg-laying caused by applications of MadexReg. were due to biochemical changes in surface blends, depending on the cultivar.
机译：MadexReg的应用。 （gra病毒）针对co蛾的Cy蛾（Cydia pomonella）（针对新生幼虫，在它们初次进入果实之前或之中）具有针对性，可选择性控制这种主要的苹果害虫。 MadexReg功效的差异。在意大利北部的一个试验果园中，在两个苹果树品种“黄金美味”和“红色酋长”上观察到了对肺炎衣原体幼虫的治疗。飞蛾产卵的强度可能因一个品种而异。由葡萄糖，果糖，蔗糖，山梨糖醇，槲皮醇和肌醇组成的叶表面代谢物混合物的组成是可以解释这些变异的因素之一。因此，我们的假设是MadexReg的功效存在差异。可能与卵数的变化有关，卵数本身与每个品种叶片表面代谢产物的组成有关。在未使用杀幼虫剂或未使用杀幼虫剂处理的两个品种“黄金美味”和“红色酋长”中，产卵的差异（数量和定位）有所不同。 MadexReg。就减少因喂食幼虫而造成的果实损害而言，对两个品种具有相同的功效。令人惊讶的是，MadexReg的效果。减少伤害似乎与杀幼虫剂对幼虫的致死作用没有联系，而与产卵减少没有关系，后者与使用MadexReg诱导的叶片表面化学信号的变化有关。在人工基质上产卵。当将模仿每个品种的胚芽叶表面成分的活性代谢物混合物（未经处理和用MadexReg。处理）施用于尼龙布产蛋基质时，接受度（占产卵雌性的百分比）和产卵刺激（观察每个产卵雌性的卵数）。 “红色酋长”上鸡蛋减少的主要原因可能是对产卵刺激的强烈影响，而“金冠”上鸡蛋减少的部分原因是接受程度降低。一个苹果树品种自然要产下不同数量的卵。应用MadexReg可以减少产蛋量。归因于表面混合物的生化变化，具体取决于品种。

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