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首页> 外文期刊>Respiratory physiology & neurobiology >Mechanistic actions of oxygen and methylxanthines on respiratory neural control and for the treatment of neonatal apnea
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Mechanistic actions of oxygen and methylxanthines on respiratory neural control and for the treatment of neonatal apnea

机译：氧气和甲基黄嘌呤对呼吸神经控制的机械作用及对新生儿呼吸暂停治疗

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Apnea remains one of the most concerning and prevalent respiratory disorders spanning all ages from infants (particularly those born preterm) to adults. Although the pathophysiological consequences of apnea are fairly well described, the neural mechanisms underlying the etiology of the different types of apnea (central, obstructive, and mixed) still remain incompletely understood. From a developmental perspective, however, research into the respiratory neural control system of immature animals has shed light on both central and peripheral neural pathways underlying apnea of prematurity (AOP), a highly prevalent respiratory disorder of preterm infants. Animal studies have also been fundamental in furthering our understanding of how clinical interventions (e.g. pharmacological and mechanical) exert their beneficial effects in the clinical treatment of apnea. Although current clinical interventions such as supplemental O-2 and positive pressure respiratory support are critically important for the infant in respiratory distress, they are not fully effective and can also come with unfortunate, unintended (and long-term) side-effects. In this review, we have chosen AOP as one of the most common clinical scenarios involving apnea to highlight the mechanistic basis behind how some of the interventions could be both beneficial and also deleterious to the respiratory neural control system. We have included a section on infants with critical congenital heart diseases (CCHD), in whom apnea can be a clinical concern due to treatment with prostaglandin, and who may benefit from some of the treatments used for AOP.
机译：呼吸暂停仍然是患有来自成人的婴儿（特别是那些出生的早产）的所有年龄段的最多的呼吸障碍之一。尽管呼吸暂停的病理生理后果是相当良好的描述，但不同类型呼吸暂停（中央，阻塞性和混合）的病因依赖的神经机制仍然保持不完全理解。然而，从发育的角度来看，进入未成熟动物的呼吸神经控制系统的研究在早产儿（AOP）的中央和周围神经途径上的缺光，是早产儿的呼吸呼吸道疾病。动物研究也在进一步了解我们对临床治疗呼吸暂停的临床治疗中的有益效果的影响，进一步是基本的。虽然当前含有补充O-2和阳性压力呼吸促进助推剂的临床干预措施对于呼吸窘迫中的婴儿来说都至关重要，但它们并不完全有效，也可以带来不幸的，意外（和长期）副作用。在这篇综述中，我们选择了AOP作为涉及APNEA的最常见的临床情景之一，以突出所有干预措施的机械基础，以及对呼吸神经控制系统的有害和有害。我们已将婴儿患有关键先天性心脏病（CCHD）的一部分，其中呼吸暂停可以是由于与前列腺素的治疗而导致的临床关注，并且可以从用于AOP使用的一些治疗中受益。

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