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Laboratory methods for identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

机译：鉴定甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的实验室方法

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摘要

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been emerged with significant morbidity and mortality in the worldwide. A variety of methods have been implemented to optimize MRSA detection, but yet, the optimal approach remains controversial. In the current review, we summarize both phenotypic and genotypic laboratory methods for detection of MRSA isolates. In summary, phenotypic methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive and suffer from inadequate sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, these methods are clearly affected by test conditions. Genotypic methods are advantageous for high sensitivity, specificity and remarkably reduced turnaround time. However, although different PCR-based methods, including Hyplex Staphyloresist PCR, Geno-mEra MRSA/SA, GenoType MRSA Direct, Genoquick MRSA, MD GeneOhm MRSA, BD Max MRSA, BD GeneOhm MRSA Achromopepticase, Auto-MRSA, Cepheid Xpert, LightCycler MRSA Advanced, have been utilized for MRSA detection, limitations related to false-positive results have been reported. In addition, PCR methods are associated with greater expenses. So, if laboratories are not able to afford molecular methods for routine use, simultaneous application of two phenotypic methods, one with high sensitivity and the other with high specificity, is a useful alternative. Also, it is more reasonable to choose MRSA screening method with regard to prevalence and local epidemiology of MRSA strain.
机译：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）出现在全球的显着发病率和死亡率。已经实施了各种方法以优化MRSA检测，但是，最佳方法仍然存在争议。在目前的审查中，我们总结了用于检测MRSA分离株的表型和基因型实验室方法。总之，表型方法是耗时和劳动密集型，患有不足和特异性的持续性。此外，这些方法明显受测试条件的影响。基因型方法对于高灵敏度，特异性和显着降低的周转时间是有利的。然而，虽然不同的基于PCR的方法，包括Hyplex葡萄球菌PCR，Geno-Mera MRSA / SA，基因型MRSA直接，Genoquick MRSA，MD Geneohm MRSA，BD MaRSA，BD Geneohm MRSA Achromopepticase，Auto-MRSA，Cepheid Xpert，LightCycler MRSA先进，已被用于MRSA检测，报告了与假阳性结果相关的限制。此外，PCR方法与更大的费用相关。因此，如果实验室无法负担常规用途的分子方法，同时施加两种表型方法，一种具有高灵敏度和具有高特异性的其他表型方法，是一种有用的替代品。此外，在MRSA菌株的患病率和局部流行病方面选择MRSA筛选方法更合理。

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