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首页> 外文期刊>Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering >Tunnel Face Stability and the Effectiveness of Advance Drainage Measures in Water-Bearing Ground of Non-uniform Permeability
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Tunnel Face Stability and the Effectiveness of Advance Drainage Measures in Water-Bearing Ground of Non-uniform Permeability

机译：隧道面部稳定性和超均匀渗透率耐水地推进排水措施的有效性

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摘要

Non-uniform permeability may result in complex hydraulic head fields with potentially very high hydraulic gradients close to the tunnel face, which may be adverse for stability depending on the ground strength. Pore pressure relief by drainage measures in advance of the tunnel excavation improves stability, but the effectiveness of drainage boreholes may be low in the case of alternating aquifers and aquitards. This paper analyses the effects of hydraulic heterogeneity and advance drainage quantitatively by means of limit equilibrium computations that take account of the seepage forces acting upon the ground in the vicinity the tunnel face. The piezometric field is determined numerically by means of steady-state, three-dimensional seepage flow analyses considering the heterogeneous structure of the ground and a typical advance drainage scheme consisting of six axial boreholes drilled from the tunnel face. A suite of stability analyses was carried out covering a wide range of heterogeneity scales. The computational results show the effect of the orientation, thickness, location, number and permeability ratio of aquifers and aquitards and provide valuable indications about potentially critical situations, the effectiveness of advance drainage and the adequate arrangement of drainage boreholes. The paper shows that hydraulic heterogeneity results in highly variable face behaviour, even if the shear strength of the ground is constant along the alignment, but ground behaviour is considerably less variable in the presence of advance drainage measures.
机译：不均匀的渗透率可能导致复杂的液压头领域，其具有靠近隧道面的潜在非常高的液压梯度，这可能对稳定性取决于地强度而不利。通过引流措施在隧道开挖之前通过排水措施提高了稳定性，但在交替含水层和水流工的情况下，排水钻孔的有效性可能是低的。本文通过极限平衡计算分析了液压异质性和超引流的影响，所述限制平衡计算考虑到隧道面附近作用在地面的渗流力。考虑到地面的异质结构和由从隧道面钻钻的六个轴向钻孔组成的典型的预先引流方案，压电场通过稳态的三维渗流流程分析确定。进行覆盖各种异质性尺度的稳定性分析套件。计算结果表明了含水层和水流仪的取向，厚度，位置，数量和渗透率和渗透率的影响，并为潜在的危急情况提供了有价值的指示，推进引流的有效性以及排水钻孔的充分排列。本文表明，即使地沿着对准的剪切强度恒定，液压异质性也会导致高度可变的面部行为，但是在提前排水措施存在下，地面行为在存在下变化得多。

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