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Novel biological markers of bone: from bone metabolism to bone physiology

机译:骨的新型生物学标志:从骨代谢到骨生理学

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Biochemical markers of bone turnover have been used for decades in the management of bone diseases, to assess the prognosis of these conditions and to monitor treatments. The new markers, however, also reflect specific physiological mechanisms in the bone or other organs. Periostin may be more specific to the periosteum; cathepsin K is an osteoclastic enzyme that may be involved in the cardiovascular system and joints; Dickkopf-1 is involved in bone formation and vascular calcification; sclerostin is a major regulator of bone formation in response to mechanical loading and may also play a role in chronic kidney disease bone and mineral disorder; sphingosine-1-phosphate is a lipid mediator interacting with bone resorption. Some of the bone markers are in fact hormones produced by the bone that affect various physiological and pathological functions in other organs. Thus, osteocalcin is produced by osteoblasts and participates in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and fertility in men. Fibroblast growth factor 23 is produced by osteocytes to regulate phosphorus and 1,25(OH)2D3, but it also plays a major role in the adverse consequences of declining renal function, in particular with respect to the myocardium. Micro RNAs are single-stranded RNAs that regulate several pathways, including the development timing, organogenesis, cell apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. Their serum concentration may reflect the links between bone physiology and certain conditions in other organs, for example, the cardiovascular system.
机译:在骨疾病的管理中已经使用了骨质营业额的生化标志,评估了这些病症的预后和监测治疗方法。然而,新标记也反映了骨骼或其他器官的特定生理机制。骨膜蛋白可能更具体地对骨膜肿瘤;组织蛋白k是一种骨质骨质酶,可参与心血管系统和关节; Dickkopf-1参与骨形成和血管钙化;硬化素是骨骼形成的主要调节因子,响应机械负荷,也可能在慢性肾病骨和矿物质障碍中起作用;鞘氨氨酸-1-磷酸盐是一种与骨吸收相互作用的脂质介体。一些骨标记实际上是由骨产生的荷尔蒙,这些骨产生在其他器官中影响各种生理和病理功能。因此,Osteocalcin由成骨细胞产生,并参与调节男性胰岛素敏感性和生育能力。成纤维细胞生长因子23由骨细胞产生以调节磷和1,25(OH)2D3,但在肾功能下降的不良后果中也发挥了重要作用,特别是关于心肌。微RNA是单链RNA,其调节几种途径,包括显影正时,有机组织,细胞凋亡,增殖和分化。它们的血清浓度可以反映骨生理学和其他器官中某些条件之间的链接,例如心血管系统。

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