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首页> 外文期刊>Aging, neuropsychology and cognition >Verbal learning across the lifespan: an analysis of the components of the learning curve
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Verbal learning across the lifespan: an analysis of the components of the learning curve

机译：整个人生过程中的言语学习：对学习曲线成分的分析

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摘要

Previous studies on the acquisition process of verbal material, conducted separately on child and adult populations, reveal that the lifespan is characterized by an inverted-U performance curve with similar achievements at its two poles. To clarify the acquisition mechanism across the entire lifespan, the learning curve for the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test was reproduced for participants aged 8-91. The study utilized typical trial summary scores and a more refined analysis of trial-by-trial single-word recalls, including omissions (missed words that were previously recalled), additions (recalled words previously missed), and touched words (a count for the first recall time only, for each word during the five learning trial). A clear age effect was shown for the number of words recalled - symmetrically increases during childhood and decreases in adulthood. Similarly, increased turnover of words omitted and added characterized both incremental and decremental age differences. Measurement patterns differed for the age segments on the two sides of the lifespan, despite the similar total number of words recalled by the two sides. Acquisition pattern in children was characterized by a higher number of touched words and higher turnover than for adult groups. In contrast, older adults achieved fewer touched words and lower turnover than the child groups. This study shows that it is possible to reach the same quantitative results via different cognitive processes. The results are interpreted in terms of specific mechanisms of maturational characteristics.
机译：先前对儿童和成人分别进行言语材料获取过程的研究表明，寿命的特征是倒U型性能曲线，在两个方面都有类似的成就。为了阐明整个学习过程中的获取机制，针对8-91岁的参与者复制了雷伊听觉语言学习测验的学习曲线。该研究利用典型的试验摘要分数和逐项试验的单词回忆的更精细分析，包括遗漏（先前回忆的遗漏单词），加法（先前遗漏的单词）和动词（计数）。仅在五个学习阶段中每个单词的第一次回忆时间）。记忆的单词数显示出明显的年龄效应-在童年时期对称增加，而在成年时期则减少。同样，省略和增加单词的周转率增加了年龄和年龄上的差异。尽管双方回忆的单词总数相似，但寿命两侧的年龄段的测量方式有所不同。与成人相比，儿童的习得方式具有更多的触摸词和更替。相比之下，与儿童相比，成年人的触摸词更少，离职率也更低。这项研究表明，有可能通过不同的认知过程达到相同的定量结果。根据成熟特征的特定机理解释结果。

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