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Effect of beam shape and spatial energy distribution on weld bead geometry in conduction welding

机译：梁形状与空间能量分布对传导焊接焊珠几何的影响

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摘要

The size of a projected beam onto a workpiece and its intensity distribution profile defines the response of the material to the applied laser heat. This means that not only the processing parameters, but also the optical set-up and process tools define the process and the resulting weld profile. In high power laser delivery systems the beam propagation characteristics of the laser beam can vary during processing. A change of the focal distance, for instance, alters the spot size projected on the workpiece as well as its intensity distribution. Some dynamic optical systems can also change the shape of the projected beam. Galvo-scanners induce a small distortion to the projected beam from circular to elliptical when the minors deflect the beam across the working domain. This continuous change of the spatial energy distribution may affect the process stability and material response locally. This work examines the influence of changing the shape of the projected beam and its energy distribution on the weld bead profile in conduction laser welding, which is also relevant to laser cladding and additive manufacture. It has been found that for the same optical set-up and system parameters, different bead profiles can be obtained with different degree of distortion of the beam profile. In addition, different intensity distribution profiles led to different penetration depths for the same nominal beam diameter and energy density due to the difference in peak intensity.
机译：投影光束上的尺寸和其强度分布曲线将材料的响应定义为施加的激光热量。这意味着不仅是处理参数，而且光学设定和处理工具也限定了过程和所得到的焊接轮廓。在高功率激光输送系统中，激光束的光束传播特性在加工过程中可以变化。例如，焦距的变化改变了在工件上投影的光斑尺寸以及其强度分布。一些动态光学系统还可以改变投影光束的形状。当未成年人在工作结构域中偏转光束时，电镀扫描仪从圆形到椭圆形向投影光束诱导小扭曲。空间能量分布的这种连续变化可能影响本地过程稳定性和材料响应。这项工作探讨了改变投影光束形状的影响及其在导电激光焊接中焊缝轮廓上的能量分布，这与激光熔覆和添加剂制造也是如此。已经发现，对于相同的光学设置和系统参数，可以以不同程度的光束轮廓的变形来获得不同的珠子轮廓。另外，由于峰强度的差异，不同的强度分布轮廓导致相同的标称光束直径和能量密度的不同穿透深度。

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