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首页> 外文期刊>Ostrich >The efficacy of a modified Berlese funnel method for the extraction of ectoparasites and their life stages from the nests of the African Penguin Spheniscus demersus
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The efficacy of a modified Berlese funnel method for the extraction of ectoparasites and their life stages from the nests of the African Penguin Spheniscus demersus

机译：修饰的Berlese漏斗法从非洲企鹅Spheniscus Demersus巢中提取异位遗传癖及其生命阶段的疗效

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摘要

The Berlese funnel method, and its variations, is commonly used for the extraction of arthropods from various substrates such as nest material. However, little is known about its effectivity in extracting ectoparasites from penguin nests. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a modified Berlese funnel method in extracting ectoparasites from African Penguin Spheniscus demersus nests and to determine differences in extraction capacity across parasite taxa and life stages. African Penguin nests (n = 278) were sampled at five penguin colonies along the south-west coast of South Africa in 2017. Nest samples were subjected to a modified Berlese funnel method with naphthalene as a repellent. Thereafter, all remaining ectoparasites were removed by hand sorting. Ectoparasite abundance was positively correlated between the two extraction methods (Spearman's r = 0.73-0.89). Compared to total counts, flea (combined life stages and larvae) and total ectoparasite abundance and prevalence were significantly lower with the modified Berlese funnel method. In addition, adult flea and tick prevalence (but not abundance) was significantly lower with the modified Berlese funnel method compared with total counts. The modified Berlese funnel method fails as a quantitative method and can only provide a crude indication of the incidence of ectoparasites in penguin nests.
机译：伯勒斯漏斗法及其变型通常用于从各种基材如巢材料中提取节肢动物。然而，关于其在从企鹅巢中提取异肽的有效性很少。本研究旨在评估修饰的Berlese漏斗法在非洲企鹅Spheniscus demersus巢中提取异种遗传癖的疗效，并确定寄生虫菌株和生命阶段的提取能力差异。 2017年，非洲企鹅巢（n = 278）在南非西南海岸的五个企鹅殖民地上抽样。巢样品与萘作为驱蚊进行改良的Berlese漏斗法。此后，用手分选除去所有剩余的异位酸盐。两种提取方法（Spearman的r = 0.73-0.89）之间的异位酸性丰度正相关。与全部计数相比，跳蚤（寿命阶段和幼虫）和总异链酸盐丰度和患病率明显降低。此外，随着整数伯勒斯漏斗方法，成人跳蚤和蜱型（但不是丰富）显着降低。改性的Berlese漏斗方法是一种定量方法，只能提供企鹅巢中异位遗传癖的发病率的原油指示。

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