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Toward a Responsibility-Catering Prioritarian Ethical Theory of Risk

机译：朝着责任迎合责任的伦理伦理理论

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摘要

Standard tools used in societal risk management such as probabilistic risk analysis or cost-benefit analysis typically define risks in terms of only probabilities and consequences and assume a utilitarian approach to ethics that aims to maximize expected utility. The philosopher Carl F. Cranor has argued against this view by devising a list of plausible aspects of the acceptability of risks that points towards a non-consequentialist ethical theory of societal risk management. This paper revisits Cranor's list to argue that the alternative ethical theory responsibility-catering prioritarianism can accommodate the aspects identified by Cranor and that the elements in the list can be used to inform the details of how to view risks within this theory. An approach towards operationalizing the theory is proposed based on a prioritarian social welfare function that operates on responsibility-adjusted utilities. A responsibility-catering prioritarian ethical approach towards managing risks is a promising alternative to standard tools such as cost-benefit analysis.
机译：在社会风险管理中使用的标准工具，例如概率风险分析或成本效益分析通常在仅限概率和后果方面定义风险，并假设旨在最大限度地利用预期效用的伦理方法。哲学家Carl F. Cranor通过设计符合对社会风险管理的非后果主义道德理论的风险可接受性的可接受性的合理方面的列表来争辩。本文重新审视了Cranor的名单，以争辩说，替代的道德理论责任的责任优先事项可以适应Cranor确定的方面，并且该清单中的元素可用于通知如何在该理论中查看风险的详细信息。基于对责任调整的公用事业运营的优先知识社会福利职能，提出了一种运作该理论的方法。责任为管理风险的责任优先的道德方式是有前途的标准工具，例如成本效益分析。

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