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首页> 外文期刊>Science and engineering ethics >Public Perceptions of Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) in Malaysia
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Public Perceptions of Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) in Malaysia

机译：对马来西亚植入前遗传遗传诊断（PGD）的伦理，法律和社会影响的公众看法

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摘要

Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) became well known in Malaysia after the birth of the first Malaysian 'designer baby', Yau Tak in 2004. Two years later, the Malaysian Medical Council implemented the first and only regulation on the use of Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis in this country. The birth of Yau Tak triggered a public outcry because PGD was used for non-medical sex selection thus, raising concerns about PGD and its implications for the society. This study aims to explore participants' perceptions of the future implications of PGD for the Malaysian society. We conducted in-depth interviews with 21 participants over a period of one year, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Findings reveal that responses varied substantially among the participants; there was a broad acceptance as well as rejection of PGD. Contentious ethical, legal and social issues of PGD were raised during the discussions, including intolerance to and discrimination against people with genetic disabilities; societal pressure and the 'slippery slope' of PGD were raised during the discussions. This study also highlights participants' legal standpoint, and major issues regarding PGD in relation to the accuracy of diagnosis. At the social policy level, considerations are given to access as well as the impact of this technology on families, women and physicians. Given these different perceptions of the use of PGD, and its implications and conflicts, policies and regulations of the use of PGD have to be dealt with on a case-by-case basis while taking into consideration of the risk-benefit balance, since its application will impact the lives of so many people in the society.
机译：预植入遗传诊断（PGD）在马来西亚诞生后，马来西亚人“设计师婴儿”的诞生后，武德于2004年。两年后，马来西亚医科委员会实施了第一和唯一的使用前的法规这个国家的植入遗传诊断。由于PGD用于非医学性别选择，武德的诞生引发了一个公共兴趣，因此提高了对PGD及其对社会影响的担忧。本研究旨在探讨参与者对PGD对马来西亚社会的未来影响的看法。我们使用半结构化问卷在一年内进行了21名参与者进行了深入的访谈。调查结果表明，参与者之间的反应在基本上变化;有广泛的接受以及拒绝PGD。在讨论期间提出了PGD的有争议的道德，法律和社会问题，包括不容忍和歧视具有遗传残疾的人;在讨论期间提出了PGD的社会压力和“滑坡”。本研究还突出了参与者的法律角度，以及关于诊断准确性的PGD的重大问题。在社会政策层面，考虑因素获取，以及这项技术对家庭，妇女和医生的影响。鉴于对PGD使用的这些不同的看法，它必须在考虑到风险效益余额的情况下，根据案例依据逐案处理，从而逐一处理PGD的影响和冲突，政策和法规，因为它申请将影响社会中等许多人的生命。

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