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Performance assessment of variable frequency drives in heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems

机译：加热，通风和空调系统中可变频率驱动的性能评估

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摘要

Variable frequency drives (VFDs) are widely applied on the induction motors in heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems to reduce energy consumption and improve power factor (PF) in commercial buildings. On the other hand, VFDs not only consume energy but also create harmonic distortion, which may interfere with sensitive electronic equipment, cause additional motor energy losses, and worsen PF. These negative impacts are more often concealed by the significant energy reduction. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively assess those positive and negative impacts of VFDs in actual HVAC systems. Experiments were conducted on three HVAC systems to quantify the energy reduction, PF improvement, voltage and current total harmonic distortions (THDs), and system efficiency degradation introduced by VFDs. The experiment results reveal that the VFDs significantly reduced the system input power by 85% at 50% rated frequency and increased the PF to 0.95 at 95% rated frequency with the voltage THDs always less than 1%. However, the current THDs increased to 90% at 50% rated frequency, which worsens the improved PF to 0.7. Moreover, the VFDs degraded the system efficiency by 3.5% at the rated frequency and by more percentage, potentially due to increased current THDs, at partial frequencies.
机译：可变频率驱动器（VFDS）广泛应用于加热，通风和空调（HVAC）系统中的感应电动机，以减少能耗和改善商业建筑中的功率因数（PF）。另一方面，VFD不仅消耗能量，而且还产生谐波失真，这可能会干扰敏感的电子设备，导致额外的电机能量损失和恶化PF。这些负面影响更常见于显着的能量减少。本文的目的是全面评估VFDS在实际HVAC系统中的积极和负面影响。在三个HVAC系统上进行实验，以量化能量降低，PF改善，电压和电流总谐波畸变（THD），以及VFD引入的系统效率降解。实验结果表明，VFDS将系统输入功率显着降低85％，额定频率为85％，并以95％的额定频率提高PF至0.95，电压THD始终小于1％。然而，目前的THD增加到50％的额定频率为90％，其将改善的PF变为0.7。此外，VFDS在额定频率下降低了3.5％的系统效率，并且可能由于电流THD增加而导致的百分比较高，在部分频率下。

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