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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MRI >Imaging and Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer
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Imaging and Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

机译：卵巢癌的成像和鉴别诊断

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Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer affecting women. Despite advances in cancer control and healthcare in general, mortality from ovarian cancer remains unacceptably high due to diagnosis at an advanced stage of the disease. The 5-year survival rate is 47.4% because a majority of ovarian cancers are diagnosed when advanced. Only 14.9% of ovarian cancers are diagnosed when localized where the survival rate is 92.3%. Mortality rate reduction by screening has not been proven in women at an average risk for ovarian cancer. Ultrasound remains the primary modality for assessment of ovarian tumors. The need for standardizing terminology is critical for optimal assessment of the risk of malignancy in an ovarian tumor. The international ovarian tumor analysis group and more recently the American College of Radiology Ovarian - Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee have published standardized lexicon for ovarian lesions and encourage ultrasound imagers to adopt this standardized terminology. The aim is to apply the lexicon for risk stratification to allow for consistent follow-up and management. Various methodologies have been tested for characterization of adnexal tumors and to assess risk of malignancy preoperatively. Risk assessment models have been studied against the gold standard of a pattern recognition approach and subjective assessment by an experienced imager. The morphologic patterns of ovarian tumors are detailed and features that are more discriminatory than others in suggesting an ovarian malignancy are described. The imaging pathologic correlation for different tumor types is presented. A brief summary of the ovarian cancer pathologic types and staging of cancer is presented. Finally, the current role of transvaginal sonography as a screening modality for ovarian cancer is discussed. Recently published data show encouraging results, that a multimodal approach of screening for ovarian cancer using transvaginal sonography in women with an elevated CA-125 may prove beneficial and cost effective. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：卵巢癌是影响女性的第七次常见癌症。尽管癌症对照和医疗保健的进展通常，由于疾病的晚期阶段的诊断，卵巢癌的死亡率仍然是不可接受的。 5年生存率为47.4％，因为大多数卵巢癌在先进时被诊断出来。当存活率为92.3％时，只有14.9％的卵巢癌被诊断出来。通过筛选的死亡率降低尚未被卵巢癌的平均风险验证。超声仍然是评估卵巢肿瘤的主要模态。对标准化术语的需求对于对卵巢肿瘤中恶性肿瘤风险的最佳评估至关重要。国际卵巢肿瘤分析组和最近美国放射学卵巢学院 - 附件报告和数据系统委员会已出版标准化词典用于卵巢病变，并鼓励超声成像人员采用这一标准化术语。目的是将Lexicon应用于风险分层，以允许一致的后续行动和管理。已经测试了各种方法，用于表征侧腹肿瘤，并术前评估恶性肿瘤的风险。已经研究了风险评估模型，并通过经验丰富的成像仪对模式识别方法的黄金标准和主观评估进行了研究。描述了卵巢肿瘤的形态学模式详细和特征，这些特征比表明卵巢恶性肿瘤更具鉴别性。提出了不同肿瘤类型的成像病理相关性。介绍了卵巢癌病理类型和癌症分期的简要概述。最后，讨论了经诊断超声检查作为卵巢癌筛选方式的当前作用。最近发表的数据显示令人鼓舞的结果，即使用高CA-125妇女使用经诊断超声检查卵巢癌筛选的多峰方法可以证明有益和成本效益。 （c）2019 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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