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首页> 外文期刊>Separation and Purification Technology >Aqueous two-phase system formed by alkanolammonium-based Protic Ionic Liquids and acetone: Experimental data, thermodynamic modeling, and Kraft lignin partition
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Aqueous two-phase system formed by alkanolammonium-based Protic Ionic Liquids and acetone: Experimental data, thermodynamic modeling, and Kraft lignin partition

机译：通过基于链烷醇的质子离子液体和丙酮形成的水性两相系统：实验数据，热力学建模和牛皮纸木质素分区

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摘要

Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) formed by Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) are a potential alternative to recovery PILs after their use in pretreatment step and valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. Besides, ATPS based on PILs may be applied to Kraft lignin fractionation toward a more sustainable environment. In this study, nine alkanolammonium-based PILs were synthesized using organic acids (formic, acetic, propionic, lactic, and glycolic) as precursors. These PILs were combined with acetone to form ATPS at low temperatures, and the partition of Kraft lignin was tested using these same systems. The presence of an extra hydroxyl group in the PILs' anionic part increased their ability to form ATPS, due to the increase in their acidity. Also, increasing the alkyl chain length of the PILs' anionic part impairs the formation of ATPS. In contrast, the behavior was observed for the cationic part, due to the increase in the PILs' hydrophobicity nature. Regarding the partition of Kraft lignin applying 2-hydroxyethylammonium-based PILs, the increase in the alkyl chain length of the PILs' anionic part leads to stronger PILs-lignin interactions, which favored the lignin's migration to the bottom phase (PILs-rich phase), and lower partition coefficient values, as follows: formate < acetate < propionate anions. The presence of an extra hydroxyl group in the PILs' anionic part (lactate and glycolate-based PILs) impaired PILs-lignin interactions, and consequently, increased the partition coefficient, compared to propionate and acetate-based PILs. Finally, the increase in the PILs' cationic part leads to the improvement in PILs-lignin interactions, and lower partition coefficient values were observed, following the sequence for lactate-based PILs: tris(2-hydroxyethyeammonium < bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium < 2-hydroxyethylammonium; and the following sequence for pro- pionate-based PILs: tris(2-hydroxyethy)ammonium = bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium < 2-hydro- xyethylammonium. The glycolate-based PIL showed the highest partition coefficient value, which is related to its small alkyl chain length and the presence of an extra hydroxyl group, making PIL-lignin interactions weaker. The results showed that acetone emerges as a phase-forming agent to remove, at least partially, the lignin dissolved in PILs aqueous solutions, allowing their recycle and reuse after the pretreatment step, for example. Finally, the NRTL activity coefficient model was used to correlate fie-line compositions, and the interaction parameters were estimated for each system determined.
机译：通过质子离子液体（Pils）形成的两相系统（ATP）是在它们在木质纤维素生物质的预处理步骤和算子中使用后回收矿物的潜在替代物。此外，基于Pils的ATP可以应用于牛皮纸的木质素分馏朝向更可持续的环境。在该研究中，使用有机酸（甲型，醋酸，丙酸，乳酸和糖酸）作为前体合成九种基于烷基铵的矿物。将这些含硅与丙酮组合以在低温下形成ATP，并且使用这些相同的系统测试牛皮纸的分隔。由于其酸度的增加，Pils'阴离子部分中的额外羟基的存在增加了它们形成ATP的能力。而且，增加Pils的阴离子部分的烷基链长度损害ATP的形成。相反，由于PILs疏水性性质的增加，阳离子部分观察到该行为。关于施用2-羟乙基铵的钙质素的分区，PILS阴离子部分的烷基链长度的增加导致较强的Pils-lignin相互作用，这有利于木质素的迁移到底阶段（富含毛皮的阶段）和较低的分区系数值，如下：甲酸甲酸盐<丙酸盐阴离子。与丙酸盐和乙酸盐的矿物相比，Pils-Lignin相互作用中存在额外羟基（乳酸盐和基于丙酸酯和基于丙酸酯的含量）损害的额外羟基的存在损害，并且增加了分配系数。最后，在基于乳酸乳酸盐的碱基的顺序之后，PINS'阳离子部分的增加导致Pils-lignin相互作用的改善，并且观察到较低的分区系数值：Tris（2-羟乙基氨基铵<双（2-羟乙基）铵<2-羟乙基铵;和促进基于磷酸的矿物的以下顺序：Tris（2-羟基乙基）氨基=双（2-羟基乙基）铵<2-氢苄基铵。基于乙酸盐的矿物显示出最高分区系数值，这与其小的烷基链长度和额外羟基的存在有关，使裂解木质素相互作用较弱。结果表明，丙酮作为相成型剂以至少部分地去除溶解在Pils中的木质素例如，允许它们在预处理步骤之后再循环和重新使用。最后，使用NRT1活性系数模型来关联Fie-Line组合物，并且每个S估计相互作用参数ystem确定。

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