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首页> 外文期刊>Separation and Purification Technology >The effect of Fe3+ based visible light receptive interfacial phases on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid in natural sunlight exposure
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The effect of Fe3+ based visible light receptive interfacial phases on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid in natural sunlight exposure

机译：Fe3 +可见光接受界面阶段对ZnO光催化活性进行2,4-二氯氧基乙酸在自然阳光暴露中的影响

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The use of inexpensive semiconducting materials and abundant natural sunlight can deliver the sustainable as well as cost-effective cleaning of contaminated water. In the current effort, the low photocatalytic activity of ZnO in sunlight exposure has been addressed by the slow deposition and after calcination, the deposition pattern of Fe3+ ions was investigated. The appearance of distinct multiple absorption edges in the optical spectra verified the composite nature of the synthesized materials whereas the absorption edge at similar to 2.5 eV indicated the formation of visible light responsive structures other than Fe2O3. The additional reflections, besides the characteristic reflections of ZnO and Fe2O3, in the X-ray diffraction patterns and the appearance of discrete assortments in HRTEM analysis exposed the formation of surface ZnFe2O4 in the interfacial region between the ZnO and Fe2O3. The X-ray photoelectron analysis revealed the minor transitions in the oxidation state, more pronounced at higher Fe3+ loadings, during the synthetic route. The electrochemical characterization revealed the p-type nature of the oxides of Fe3+ whereas the flat band potentials of the composites were assessed by Mott-Schottky analysis. As compared to pure ZnO, the composites loaded with lower concentrations (0.5% and 1%) of Fe3+ showed substantially high activity for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) in the complete spectrum whereas 3% Fe3+ loading exhibited optimum activity in the exposure of the visible region of natural sunlight. The higher Fe3+ loadings revealed the detrimental effect on the photocatalytic removal process. The variations in the photocatalytic activity with the increasing Fe3+ were discussed in correlation with electrochemical properties. The key intermediates were identified and the plausible mechanisms of the removal of 2,4-D were proposed by correlating the evidence from various experimental tools such as HPLC, IC, and TOC. The probable contribution of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in the degradation process was estimated and discussed. The validity of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model was also examined for the degradation as well as mineralization process. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：使用廉价的半导体材料和丰富的自然阳光可以提供可持续的和经济高效地清洁受污染的水。在目前的努力中，通过缓慢沉积和煅烧后，通过慢沉积和煅烧后解决了ZnO在阳光暴露中的低光催化活性，研究了Fe3 +离子的沉积图案。光谱中的不同多个吸收边缘的外观验证了合成材料的复合性质，而类似于2.5eV的吸收边缘表明Fe 2 O 3以外的可见光响应结构的形成。除了ZnO和Fe2O3的特征反射，在X射线衍射图案中的特征反射和HRTEM分析中的离散分类的外观外，还暴露在ZnO和Fe2O3之间的界面区域中的表面ZnFe2O4的形成。 X射线光电子体分析显示在合成路线期间在较高FE3 +载荷上更明显的氧化状态下的次要转变。电化学表征揭示了Fe3 +氧化物的p型性质，而通过Mott-Schottky分析评估复合材料的扁平带电位。与纯ZnO相比，用较低浓度（0.5％和1％）Fe3 +的复合材料显示出在完整光谱中除去2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D）的基本高的活性，而3％ Fe3 +装载在自然阳光下的可见区域暴露中表现出最佳活动。较高的Fe3 +载荷揭示了对光催化去除过程的不利影响。在与电化学性质相关的相关性中讨论了具有增加Fe3 +的光催化活性的变化。鉴定关键中间体，并通过将来自各种实验工具（如HPLC，IC和TOC）的证据相关来提出去除2,4-D的合理机制。估计和讨论了参与降解过程的反应性氧物质（ROS）的可能贡献。还检查了Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学模型的有效性，用于降解以及矿化过程。 （c）2016年Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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