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On the effectiveness of incorporating shear thickening fluid with fumed silica particles in hip protectors

机译：髋关节保护器中灌浆增稠液与卷曲二氧化硅颗粒掺入剪切增稠液的有效性

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The objective of this research is to develop a smart hip protector by incorporating shear thickening fluid (STF) into conventional foam hip protectors. The shear thickening properties of fumed silica particles dispersed in liquid polyethylene glycol (PEG) were determined from rheological tests. Dynamic drop tests, using a 4 kg drop platen at 0.5 m drop height, were conducted to study how STF improves energy absorption as compared to unfilled foam and PEG filled foam. The results show that PEG filled foam reduces the mean peak force transmitted by a further 55% and mean peak displacement by 32.5% as compared to the unfilled foam; the STF filled foam further reduces mean peak force and displacement by 15% and 41% respectively when compared to the PEG filled foam. At a displacement of 22 mm, the STF filled foam absorbs 7.4 times more energy than the PEG filled foam. The results of varying the drop mass and drop height show that the energy absorbed per unit displacement for STF filled foam is always higher than that of PEG filled foam. Finally, the effectiveness of a prototype of hip protector made from 15 mm thick STF filled foam in preventing hip fractures was studied under two different loading conditions: distributed load (plate drop test) and concentrated load (ball drop test). The results of the plate and ball drop tests show that among all hip protectors tested in this study, only the prototype can reduce the mean peak impact force to be lower than the force required to fracture a hip bone (3.1 kN) regardless of the type of loading. Moreover, the peak force of the prototype is about half of this value, suggesting thinner prototype could have been used instead. These findings show that STF is effective in improving the performance of hip protectors.
机译：本研究的目的是通过将剪切增稠液（STF）掺入常​​规泡沫髋关节保护器来开发智能臀部保护器。从流变试验中确定分散在液体聚乙二醇（PEG）中的气相二氧化硅颗粒的剪切增稠性能。进行动态滴测试，使用4千克压板在0.5米下降高度，以研究与未填充的泡沫和佩格填充泡沫相比，STF如何提高能量吸收。结果表明，与未填充的泡沫相比，PEG填充泡沫减少了另外55％，平均峰位移的平均峰值，平均峰位移32.5％;与PEG填充的泡沫相比，STF填充泡沫进一步减少了15％和41％的平均峰值力和排量。在22mm的位移处，STF填充泡沫比佩格填充泡沫吸收7.4倍。改变落块质量和下降高度的结果表明，对于STF填充泡沫的每单位位移吸收的能量总是高于填充泡沫的填充泡沫的能量。最后，在两个不同的装载条件下，研究了由15mm厚的STF填充泡沫制成的髋部保护器的原型的有效性：分布式载荷（板滴测试）和浓度载荷（球滴测试）。板和滚珠滴试验的结果表明，在本研究中检测的所有髋关节保护器中，仅原型可以减少平均峰冲击力，以低于骨折骨骼（3.1kN）所需的力（3.1kN）而无论类型如何装载。此外，原型的峰值力大约是该值的一半，表明可以代替较薄的原型。这些发现表明，STF在提高髋关节保护器的性能方面是有效的。

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