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Suicide mortality follow-up of the Swiss National Cohort (1990-2014): sex-specific risk estimates by occupational socio-economic group in working-age population

机译：自杀死亡率的瑞士国家队列（1990-2014）的后续行动：工作年龄人口职业社会经济集团的性别特定风险估计

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Purpose To identify occupations and socio-economic groups with detrimental or protective effect on suicide mortality. Methods For every occupation and economic activity/industry, we computed directly age-standardized mortality rates (DSRs) using the age structure of the European population (2010) and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for suicide using national cause-specific mortality rates. We further stratified analyses by socio-economic variables, job-skill level, and by three calendar periods (1990-1998/1999-2006/2007-2014). Results The study sample comprised 5,834,618 participants (94,918,456 person-years). The highest DSRs were observed among unemployed/job-seeking group, in agricultural, fishery and related male workers, and in health and social activities female workers. The lowest DSRs were observed in real estate and renting, research and development, IT and other business activities in men and in agriculture, hunting and forestry industry in women. A consistent reduction in DSRs across three calendar periods was observed in men. In female corporate managers, DSRs increased over the 2007-2014 period compared with 1999-2006. Compared to general working-age population, unemployed/job-seeking people, manufacturing labourers, personal care and related workers, and motor vehicle drivers of both sexes were identified at risk of suicide. Moreover, an excess of suicide was observed among male material recording and transport clerks; nursing and midwife-associated professionals; and agricultural workers as well as among female writers and performing artists. Conclusions The findings suggest the detrimental effect of low socioeconomic positions, including unemployment, with respect to suicide mortality and a relationship between suicide and poor psychosocial working conditions in elementary occupations. Sex-specific results need further investigation.
机译：目的，以识别职业和社会经济群体对自杀死亡率的有害或保护作用。方法为每一个职业和经济活动/行业，我们使用欧洲人口（2010年）的年龄结构和标准化的死亡率比（SMR）使用国家原因特异性死亡率来计算直接年龄标准化的死亡率（DSR）。我们进一步分析了社会经济变量，工作技能水平和三个日历时期（1990-1998 / 1999-2006 / 2007-2014）的分析。结果研究样本包含5,834,618名参与者（94,918,456人 - 年）。在农业，渔业和相关男性工人以及卫生和社会活动女工中，在失业/求职集团之间观察到最高的DSR。在妇女的房地产和租赁，研发，租赁，研发，IT和其他业务活动中观察到最低的DSR。在男性中观察到三个日历周期的DSR的一致减少。在女性公司经理中，与1999年至2006年相比，DSR在2007 - 2014年期间增加。与一般工作年龄人口相比，失业/求职人员，制造劳动者，个人护理和相关工人以及两性的机动车司机都被识别出自杀的风险。此外，在雄性物质记录和运输职员之间观察到过量的自杀;护理和助产士相关专业人士;和农业工人以及女性作家和表演艺术家。结论调查结果表明，较低的社会经济职位，包括失业率的不利影响，包括自杀死亡率以及自杀与基本职业中的自杀与心理社会工作条件不佳的关系。性别的结果需要进一步调查。

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